Opioids-welchel (exam 2) Flashcards
Person-first language
Person “has” a problem, rather than “is” the problem
Don’t use the following words:
Addict Alcoholic Former addict Abuse Clean Addicted baby
____ americans die every day from opioid abuse
130
Opioid government spending:
______ billion US government dollars per year
78.5 billion
6th vital sign=
pain
- 21-29% of patients prescribed an opioid will misuse it
- 8-12% will develop an opioid use disorder
- 80% heroin users first misused a opioid prescription
ANYONE CAN BECOME ADDICTED
Brain Chemistry
Psychological factors: Stress, impulsivity, sensation seeking, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, personality disorders, other psychiatric disorders
Environmental factors (exposure to abuse or trauma, family or peer addiction, substance access, cultural)
Nicotine, drugs or alcohol at an early age
Heroin=
junk, smack, chiba, tar, brown sugar, chiva, white horse, skag, dragon, white, horse
Oxycodone=
(tylox, oxycontin, Percocet, Percodan)- percs, kickers, blue, oxy, killer, hillbilly heroin, oxycottons
Oxymophone=
Blue heroin, o bomb, octagon, stop sign, biscuits, blues
Hydrocodone=
(Lortab, Vicodin, norco, vicoprofen): Norco, vikes, hydro, Watson 387
Dilaudid=
Juice, smack, D, Dillies, Footballs, Dust
Codeine=
Cody, captain cody, school boy, Doors & floors, loads, syrup, tuss
Fentanyl=
China white, china girl, apache, good fella, murder & tango, dance, fever
opium=
Aunt, Aunti Emma, O, Big O, Mira, Gee, Zero, skee, Chinese tobacco
DMT=
dimethyltryptamine (structurally related to LSD), businessman’s trip, Dimitri, The Spirit Molecule
NIDA=
=Quick Screen (=a substance abuse assessment tool)
Step 1: Questions about the past year- drinking (men greater than 5/day, women greater than 4/day), tobacco, prescription drugs for non-medical reasons, illegal drugs.- *No to all the screening is done.
Step 2: NIDA-Modified ASSIST (Assess, Advise, Assist, and Arrange)- Lifetime drug use
Step 3: Determine Risk Level
Step 4: Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange
Physical findings that Suggest Alcohol and Other Drug Problems
Mild tremor
Odor of alcohol on breath
Enlarged, tender liver
Nasal irritation (suggestive of cocaine insufflation)
Conjunctival irritation (suggestive of exposure to marijuana smoke)
Labile blood pressure, tachycardia (suggestive of alcohol withdrawal)
“Aftershave/mouthwash” syndrome (to mask the odor of alcohol)
Odor of marijuana on clothing
Signs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hepatitis B or C, HIV infection
Skin finding – needle marks, bruising
“Common side effects of opioid administration include
sedation,dizziness,nausea,vomiting,constipation, physical dependence, tolerance, andrespiratory depression. Physical dependence andaddictionare clinical concerns that may prevent proper prescribing and in turn inadequatepainmanagement
Early Signs of Withdrawal
Tearing up Muscle aches Agitation Trouble falling and staying asleep Excessive yawning Anxiety Nose running Sweats Racing heart HTN
Late Signs of Withdrawal
Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Goosebumps Stomach cramps Depression Drug cravings
Opiate withdrawal timeline:
last dose
- Sx begin: 6-12 hrs for short acting opiates
- Sx begin: 30 hrs for long acting opiates
Sx peak at 72 hours: N/V, stomach cramps, diarrhea, cravings
