Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Opioids > Opioids > Flashcards

Opioids Flashcards

1
Q

Principal manifestation of opioids Overdose

A

Miosis, Coma, Hypoventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Patients with adrenal inufficiency (addisons disease) or hypothyrodism have what type of responses to opioids

A

Prolonges, Increased, exaggerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Can opioids cross BBB

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do opioids treat acute pulmonary edema

A

decrease preload & afterload, reduce anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment for cough

A

codeine or dextromethorphan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tx for post op shivering

A

Meperidine 25 mg IV (action on alfa 2 receptors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Effects without tolerance of opioids

A

Bradycardia, Miosis, Constipation, Convulsions, Sweats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which opioids attentuate neuroendocrine stress response

A

Fentanyl, sulfentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Opioids do what to labor

A

Prolong

Fentanyl, Meperidine, inhibit uterine contractibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common effect of neuroaxial opioids

A

Pruritus, most common in OB patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Opioid receptors are found

A

CNS & Periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

WHere do opioid receptors work in spinal cord, step of ppain pathway

A

Modulation, Transmission, ??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Definition of nociception

A

Painful stimulus activates nocicceptors and is transported to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IV Opioid antagonists

A

Nalaxone & Nalfeme (Naltrexone is PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Opioids are weak acids or base?

A

Weak base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most lipid soluble

A

Sufentanil Fentanyl 2. Alfentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Opiod metabolism: tissue and plasma esterase

A

Remifentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Extremely short acting

A

Remifentanyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

At physiological pH has most nonioized fraction osea least ionized fraction

A

Alfentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Symptoms minimal or none to experience tolerance

A

miosis, convulsions, constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Opioid OD signs

A

Miosis, Hypoventilation, coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which metabolite causes liver failure and is more potent than mother?

A

M6G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Do not need to adjust dose in patients with hepatic failure

A

Remafentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Renal failure prolongs action of this metabolite

A

M6G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Opioids causing truncal wall rigidity
Fentanyl, Sulfentanyl, Alfentanil, rapid administration
26
Treatment for chest wall rigidity caused by opioids
NMB, Naloxone
27
Results in patietns with Addisons disease or hypothyrodism.
Prolonges, increased effects
28
Attentuates neuroendocrine stress response
Fentanyl and sufentanil
29
Causes significant reflex coughing when administered in preinduction
Fentanyl, Sulfentanil, Alfentanil
30
Opioids increase of decrease ICP
Increase, avoid with patients with head injury and head trauma
31
Opioids cause what in labor?
Prolongs
32
Which opioids inhibit uterine contractibility at supraclinical levels
Fentanyl & meperidine
33
opioid least likely to produce respiratory distress in infants
Meperidine
34
Can opioids be used for cancer?
yes
35
Opioids are antagonists or agonists?
Agonist
36
Opioids release histamine
Morphine, Meperidine, Hydromorphone
37
Tx to mimimize histamine release and opioids that produce it
decrease opioid infusion or pretreat with H1 and H2 antagonists
38
Can opioids be administered during labor
Yes, may cross the BBB
39
Opioid for post op shivering and receptor it binds
alfa 2 agonists and K
40
Causes vagus mediated bradycardia
Morphine, Sulfentanil, Fentanil, Alfentanil in high doses
41
Which pain satisfactory managed with opioids? Acute or Chronic
Acute but is used for cancer pain, renal & biliar colics, OB pain, acute pulmonary edema (morphine) and MI with pulmonary edema
42
Patients with renal failure should avoid this opioid
Morphine and in remifentanil dosage should be reduced. In morphine due to metabolites that associated with prolonged narcosis and ventilatory depression
43
Opioid prodrugs
Codeine, Tramadol & Hydromorphone
44
Codeine is converted to Morphine by
Hepatic metabolism of CYP2D6
45
Opioid is Given subcutaneous
Fentanyl
46
Opioid given IM
Morphine hydromorphone and Meperidine
47
Which opioid increases HR and why?
Meperidine, antagonist of muscarinic receptors | Muscarininc recepetors are cholinergic
48
May have secondary peak in plasma
Fentanyl
49
Not to be used for post op
Remifentanil, ultra short acting
50
Fastest onset
Remifenatil then alfentanil
51
Naloxone does not reverse toxic effects
Of metbolite normeperidine
52
IV opioid antagonist
Naloxone (also PO) and Nalfemene
53
PO opioid antaagonist
Naloxone (also IV) and Naltrexone
54
Tx of biliar colic caused by opioids
Naloxone & glucagon
55
Where are opioid receptors located? Presyn, Post
Both
56
NT that opioids inhibit
Excitatory: Glutamate, NE, Substance P, Dopamine
57
Opioids work on which part o pain pahtway
Perception
58
Lowest Lipid solubility
Morphine, Alfentanil, highest
59
Alfentanil has rapid onset due to
High nonionized fraction and low volume of distribution
60
Lungs first pass effect, drugs most affected
High lipid solubility fentanyl and sulfentanil
61
Liver metabolism and clearance depend on
Hepatic BF
62
How does hypothermia affect ester hydrolyzation
Reduces plasma esterase, reduces CL of remifentanyl results in increased drug and toxicity
63
Opioid with LA qualities when administered in subarchanoid space
Meperidine
64
Temperature is mediated by
EOP m agonists-hyper k agonists-hypo
65
Opioids when used with N2O cause cardiovascular depression
Fentanyl and Morphine
66
Pathways opioids cause pruritus
Histamine release peripheral, via central action of pruritoceptive neural crisis
67
With which drug could opioids interfere to cause Serotonin Syndrome
MOI, monoamine oxidase inhibitors
68
Opioid results of ADH, prolactin and somatotropin (human growth hormone)
Increase, while LH lutenizing hormone decreases)
69
Which type of medications cause serotonin syndrome?
MAOI, phenelzine
70
Reason for fentanyl plasma peak, 2
1. enterohepatic circulation 2. mobilization of sequestered fentanyl

Opioids (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions