Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Opioids > Opioids > Flashcards

Opioids Flashcards

1
Q

Principal manifestation of opioids Overdose

A

Miosis, Coma, Hypoventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Patients with adrenal inufficiency (addisons disease) or hypothyrodism have what type of responses to opioids

A

Prolonges, Increased, exaggerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Can opioids cross BBB

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do opioids treat acute pulmonary edema

A

decrease preload & afterload, reduce anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment for cough

A

codeine or dextromethorphan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tx for post op shivering

A

Meperidine 25 mg IV (action on alfa 2 receptors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Effects without tolerance of opioids

A

Bradycardia, Miosis, Constipation, Convulsions, Sweats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which opioids attentuate neuroendocrine stress response

A

Fentanyl, sulfentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Opioids do what to labor

A

Prolong

Fentanyl, Meperidine, inhibit uterine contractibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common effect of neuroaxial opioids

A

Pruritus, most common in OB patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Opioid receptors are found

A

CNS & Periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

WHere do opioid receptors work in spinal cord, step of ppain pathway

A

Modulation, Transmission, ??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Definition of nociception

A

Painful stimulus activates nocicceptors and is transported to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IV Opioid antagonists

A

Nalaxone & Nalfeme (Naltrexone is PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Opioids are weak acids or base?

A

Weak base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most lipid soluble

A

Sufentanil Fentanyl 2. Alfentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Opiod metabolism: tissue and plasma esterase

A

Remifentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Extremely short acting

A

Remifentanyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

At physiological pH has most nonioized fraction osea least ionized fraction

A

Alfentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Symptoms minimal or none to experience tolerance

A

miosis, convulsions, constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Opioid OD signs

A

Miosis, Hypoventilation, coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which metabolite causes liver failure and is more potent than mother?

A

M6G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Do not need to adjust dose in patients with hepatic failure

A

Remafentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Renal failure prolongs action of this metabolite

A

M6G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Opioids causing truncal wall rigidity

A

Fentanyl, Sulfentanyl, Alfentanil, rapid administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Treatment for chest wall rigidity caused by opioids

A

NMB, Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Results in patietns with Addisons disease or hypothyrodism.

A

Prolonges, increased effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Attentuates neuroendocrine stress response

A

Fentanyl and sufentanil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Causes significant reflex coughing when administered in preinduction

A

Fentanyl, Sulfentanil, Alfentanil

30
Q

Opioids increase of decrease ICP

A

Increase, avoid with patients with head injury and head trauma

31
Q

Opioids cause what in labor?

A

Prolongs

32
Q

Which opioids inhibit uterine contractibility at supraclinical levels

A

Fentanyl & meperidine

33
Q

opioid least likely to produce respiratory distress in infants

A

Meperidine

34
Q

Can opioids be used for cancer?

A

yes

35
Q

Opioids are antagonists or agonists?

A

Agonist

36
Q

Opioids release histamine

A

Morphine, Meperidine, Hydromorphone

37
Q

Tx to mimimize histamine release and opioids that produce it

A

decrease opioid infusion or pretreat with H1 and H2 antagonists

38
Q

Can opioids be administered during labor

A

Yes, may cross the BBB

39
Q

Opioid for post op shivering and receptor it binds

A

alfa 2 agonists and K

40
Q

Causes vagus mediated bradycardia

A

Morphine, Sulfentanil, Fentanil, Alfentanil in high doses

41
Q

Which pain satisfactory managed with opioids? Acute or Chronic

A

Acute but is used for cancer pain, renal & biliar colics, OB pain, acute pulmonary edema (morphine) and MI with pulmonary edema

42
Q

Patients with renal failure should avoid this opioid

A

Morphine and in remifentanil dosage should be reduced. In morphine due to metabolites that associated with prolonged narcosis and ventilatory depression

43
Q

Opioid prodrugs

A

Codeine, Tramadol & Hydromorphone

44
Q

Codeine is converted to Morphine by

A

Hepatic metabolism of CYP2D6

45
Q

Opioid is Given subcutaneous

A

Fentanyl

46
Q

Opioid given IM

A

Morphine hydromorphone and Meperidine

47
Q

Which opioid increases HR and why?

A

Meperidine, antagonist of muscarinic receptors

Muscarininc recepetors are cholinergic

48
Q

May have secondary peak in plasma

A

Fentanyl

49
Q

Not to be used for post op

A

Remifentanil, ultra short acting

50
Q

Fastest onset

A

Remifenatil then alfentanil

51
Q

Naloxone does not reverse toxic effects

A

Of metbolite normeperidine

52
Q

IV opioid antagonist

A

Naloxone (also PO) and Nalfemene

53
Q

PO opioid antaagonist

A

Naloxone (also IV) and Naltrexone

54
Q

Tx of biliar colic caused by opioids

A

Naloxone & glucagon

55
Q

Where are opioid receptors located? Presyn, Post

A

Both

56
Q

NT that opioids inhibit

A

Excitatory: Glutamate, NE, Substance P, Dopamine

57
Q

Opioids work on which part o pain pahtway

A

Perception

58
Q

Lowest Lipid solubility

A

Morphine, Alfentanil, highest

59
Q

Alfentanil has rapid onset due to

A

High nonionized fraction and low volume of distribution

60
Q

Lungs first pass effect, drugs most affected

A

High lipid solubility fentanyl and sulfentanil

61
Q

Liver metabolism and clearance depend on

A

Hepatic BF

62
Q

How does hypothermia affect ester hydrolyzation

A

Reduces plasma esterase, reduces CL of remifentanyl results in increased drug and toxicity

63
Q

Opioid with LA qualities when administered in subarchanoid space

A

Meperidine

64
Q

Temperature is mediated by

A

EOP m agonists-hyper k agonists-hypo

65
Q

Opioids when used with N2O cause cardiovascular depression

A

Fentanyl and Morphine

66
Q

Pathways opioids cause pruritus

A

Histamine release peripheral, via central action of pruritoceptive neural crisis

67
Q

With which drug could opioids interfere to cause Serotonin Syndrome

A

MOI, monoamine oxidase inhibitors

68
Q

Opioid results of ADH, prolactin and somatotropin (human growth hormone)

A

Increase, while LH lutenizing hormone decreases)

69
Q

Which type of medications cause serotonin syndrome?

A

MAOI, phenelzine

70
Q

Reason for fentanyl plasma peak, 2

A
  1. enterohepatic circulation 2. mobilization of sequestered fentanyl

Opioids (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions