Ophthalmology terms Flashcards

1
Q

aqueous humor

aque/o = water

A

the anterior chamber is the open area of the eye anterior to the lens and is filled with a watery fluid called aqueous humor

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2
Q

eyelid

blephar/o = eyelid

A

upper and lower eyelids are folds of skin that close to protect the anterior surface of the eyeball

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3
Q

cilia

A

eyelashes

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4
Q

choroid layer

choroid/o = choroid layer

A

middle layer of the wall of the eyeball; contains many blood vessels

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5
Q

conjunctiva (plural conjunctivae or conjunctivas)

conjunctiv/o = conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane that protects the anterior surface of the eyeball (primarily the cornea) and turns underneath to line the eyelids

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6
Q

pupil

chore/o = pupil

A

opening in the center of the iris; becomes larger or smaller to control the amount of light entering the inside of the eyeball

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7
Q

cornea

corne/o - cornea

A

anterior portion of the sclera; transparent to allow light through and curved to bend light rays so that they focus on the retina

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8
Q

ciliary body

cycl/o = ciliary body

A

a ring of muscle around the outer edge of the lens; attached to the lens by suspensory ligaments; pulls on the edges of the lens to change its shape to focus an image onto the retina

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9
Q

tear (drop)

dacry/o = tear (drop)

A

watery fluid secreted by lacrimal glands that moistens and cleanses the anterior surface of the eyeball; lacrimal glands are located superior and lateral to the eyeball and under the orbital bone; tears collect in the corner of the eye and flow through lacrimal canals to the lacrimal sac

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10
Q

iris

ir/o = iris

A

colored portion of the eye; made of muscle and contracts or relaxes to change the size of the pupil

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11
Q

eye

ocul/o = eye

A

a complex sensory organ that allows people to see; light rays pass through the cornea, pupil, and lens to land on the fovea centralis of the retina

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12
Q

lens

phac/o = lens

A

transparent structure lying behind the iris and pupil; bends light rays passing through it so that they are focused on the retina

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13
Q

retina (plural retinae or retinas)

retin/o = retina

A

inner layer of the eyeball; contains light receptors called rods and cones; rods function in dim light and see in gray tones, cones see color in bright light; area on the posterior wall of the eyeball, directly opposite the lens, is call the macula lutea; a small pit in the center of the macula, call fovea centralis, contains only cones and is the point of clearest vision

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14
Q

sclera (plural sclerae or scleras)

scler/o = sclera

A

outermost layer of the eye, commonly called the white of the eye; very fibrous and tough

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15
Q

vitreous humor

vitre/o = glassy

A

refers to the gel-like shiny substance, vitreous humor, that fills the posterior chamber, the large open cavity between the lens and the retina

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