Ophthalmology Flashcards
What is a cataract?
An opacity within the lens of the eye
Causes of cataracts in adults?
(Adult)
Ocular–Prev eye Sx, Trauma, uveitis
Non-Oculuar: Adv age, FH, DM, smoking, Steroid therapy, radiation exposure, myotopic dystrophy, Hypocalcemia
Causes of Congenital Cataract?
Infectious: TORCH infections
Genetic/Metabolic errors: Down Syndrome, Galactosemia, Lowe’s Syndrome, Alport’s Syndrome
Complications of congenital Cataracts?
Deprivation amblyopia, strabismus, blindness
Mx of congenital cataracts?
Surgical removal of cataract no later than 3 mo of age. Genetic counselling if appropriate, F/U with ophthal
Symptoms of Cataracts?
Blurred vision, Glare (esp. at night), Halos around light, Yellowing of colours, Myopic shift
Morphology of cataracts?
- Capsular (Ant. or post)
- Subcapsular (Ant. or post.)
- Cortical
- Nuclear
What are the various maturity stages of cataracts?
- Immature
- Mature
- Hypermature (may progress to Morgagnian or sclerotic)