Ophthalmology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cataract?

A

An opacity within the lens of the eye

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2
Q

Causes of cataracts in adults?

A

(Adult)
Ocular–Prev eye Sx, Trauma, uveitis

Non-Oculuar: Adv age, FH, DM, smoking, Steroid therapy, radiation exposure, myotopic dystrophy, Hypocalcemia

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3
Q

Causes of Congenital Cataract?

A

Infectious: TORCH infections

Genetic/Metabolic errors: Down Syndrome, Galactosemia, Lowe’s Syndrome, Alport’s Syndrome

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4
Q

Complications of congenital Cataracts?

A

Deprivation amblyopia, strabismus, blindness

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5
Q

Mx of congenital cataracts?

A

Surgical removal of cataract no later than 3 mo of age. Genetic counselling if appropriate, F/U with ophthal

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6
Q

Symptoms of Cataracts?

A

Blurred vision, Glare (esp. at night), Halos around light, Yellowing of colours, Myopic shift

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7
Q

Morphology of cataracts?

A
  1. Capsular (Ant. or post)
  2. Subcapsular (Ant. or post.)
  3. Cortical
  4. Nuclear
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8
Q

What are the various maturity stages of cataracts?

A
  1. Immature
  2. Mature
  3. Hypermature (may progress to Morgagnian or sclerotic)
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