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Neurology & Special Senses > Ophthalmology > Flashcards

Ophthalmology Flashcards

1
Q

Lesion of CN III

Oculomotor

A

downward and laterally eye
ptosis
diagonal diplopia
no constriction or accommodation

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2
Q

Lesion CN IV
Trochlear
Inervates: Superior Oblique

A

eye deviated upward

Vertical and torsional diplopia

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3
Q

Lesion CN VI
Abducens
Inervate Lateral Rectus

A

eye deviated medially

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4
Q

“down and out”

Absent of pupillary reflex

A

CN III damage

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5
Q

painless unilateral visual disturbances
“Flame-Shaped” retinal hemorrhages
“Cotton-wool” spots

A

HYPERTENSIVE RETINOPATHY

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6
Q

Acute, painless monocular vision loss

“Cherry-Red” spots at the fovea

A

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

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7
Q

Yellow-White fluffy retinal lesions associated with hemorrhage
- 50 CD4

A

CMV Retinitis

Ganciclovir

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8
Q

Hepatitis
Basal Ganglia atrophy
psychiatry disease
Kidney disease

deposits of Cu+ in Descemet membrane
— (·) & tx

A

Kayser-Fleisher rings

d-penicillamine or trientine

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9
Q

young Obese women + daily headache (worsens w/Valsalva)
Bilaterally papilledema & transient visual disturbances

?- funduscopic

A 
pseudotumor cerebri 
(IDIOPATIC INTRACTRANIAL HYPERTENSION)

*Impaired Optic Nerve Axoplasmic Flow

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10
Q

Painfull monocular sudden vision loss
Headache Vomiting
Conjunctival injection mid-dilated pupil

A

CLOSED ANGLE GLAUCOMA

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11
Q

Progressive bilateral vision loss

Optic disc cupping

A

OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA

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12
Q

Acute vision loss
metamorphopsia
smoker
Fundoscopy: grayish-green subretinal membrane & hemorrhage

A

Wet- Aged-Related macular degeneration

Tx: anti-VEGF

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13
Q

Gradual vision loss
difficult driving or reading

Fundoscopy: Deposition of yellowish material “DURSEN” (fatty)

A

Dry Aged-Related Macular Degeneration

prevent progreison w/miltivitaminic and antioxidant

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14
Q

cx 13
“second-hit”
leukocoria: White pupillary reflex (Loss of red reflex)

associated with..?

A

RETINOBLASTOMA
most common ocular tumor childhood

Associated with Osteosarcoma.

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15
Q

Central Scotomas eye

A

lesion of the macula

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16
Q

Macular Edema
Hard exudates (lipid)
cotton wool sports
microaneurisms

A

NONproliferative DBT Retinopathy

17
Q

Neoformation vessels retina

traction vitreous–detachment retinal– hemorrhage

A

PROliferative DBT Retinopathy

Tx: anti-VEGF injections

18
Q

Mechanism of Glaucoma Drugs

A

LESS INFLOW
B-Bloquers
a agonists
CAI (Diuretiscs)

+ OUTFLOW (Uveoscleral)
Prostaglandins

+ OUTFLOW (Trabecular)
Muscarinics

Neurology & Special Senses (6 decks)

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