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Pharmacology Exam #1 > Ophthalmic Agents > Flashcards

Ophthalmic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Miotics
Indications

A
  • Constrict pupil
  • Decrease resistance to aqueous flow
  • Used for glaucoma
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2
Q

Mydratics
Indications

A
  • Dilate the pupil
  • Allow for examination of the retina
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3
Q

Cyclopegics
Indications

A

Paralyze muscle that controls the lens to aid refraction

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4
Q

Other Indications of Ophthalmic Agents

A
  • Ophthalmic infections and inflammation
  • Treat allergy symptoms
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5
Q

Ophthalmic Agents Contraindications

A

Absolute: Allergy

Cautions:
* Systemic effects (potential, but unlikely)
* Pregnancy (animal studies have shown adverse effects on fetus)

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6
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Drug Interactions

A
  • Make sure to space different drugs apart
    (amount of time depends on medications)
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7
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Adverse Effects

A
  • Irritation (Burning and stinging)
  • Blurring of vision
  • tearing
  • headache (from mydratics)
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8
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Assessment

A

History: Drug allergy, current medication and conditions
Physical: eyes, possible vision exam

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9
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Interventions/Patient Teaching

A
  • Correct administration
  • comfort and safety measures
  • patient teaching
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10
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Nursing Conclusions

A
  • Acute pain/impaired comfort
  • Risk for injury
  • Deficient knowledge
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11
Q

Ophthalmic Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Indications

A
  • Glaucoma
  • Ocular Hypertension
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12
Q

pressure

Ophthalmic Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
MOA

A

Reduces production of aqueous humor => decrease in pressure

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13
Q

Ophthalmic Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Adverse Effects

A
  • Irritation (burning. stinging, blurred vision, tearing)
  • Minimal systemic effects: Blocks the SNS
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14
Q

Ophthalmic Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Drug Names

A

“-olol”

  • Betaxolol
  • Timolol
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15
Q

Ophthalmic Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Indications

A
  • Glaucoma
  • Ocular hypertension
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16
Q

pressure

Ophthalmic Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
MOA

A

Reduces production of aqueous humor => decrease in pressure

17
Q

Ophthalmic Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Adverse Effects

A

Irritation: Burning and Stinging

18
Q

Ophthalmic Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Drug names

A

“-zolamide”

  • Brinzolamide
  • Dorzolamide
19
Q

Ophthalmic Prostaglandin Agonists
Indications

A
  • Glaucoma
  • Ocular hypertension
20
Q

Ophthalmic Prostaglandin Agonists
MOA

A

Increase in uveoscleral outflow => decrease in pressure

21
Q

Ophthalmic Prostaglandin Agonists
Adverse effects

A
  • Irritation: Burning. stinging, foreign body sensation
  • blurred vision
  • increased iris pigmentation (could be reversible, may not be)
22
Q

Ophthalmic Prostaglandin Agonists
Drug names

A

“-prost”

  • Latanoprost
  • Travoprost
  • Bimatoprost

Pharmacology Exam #1 (10 decks)

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