Ophthal Flashcards
Eyeball shape
Ablate spheroid
Vitreous humour contains
Hyaluronic acid and collagen bundles
Presence of primary vitreous after birth
Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous
Leukocoria
Dimensions of eyeball? Vertical horizontal AP.
23, 23.5, 24
Volume weight circumference of eyeball
6.5 ML, 7 g, 7.5 cm
Hypermetropia at birth gets corrected by
5 to 7 years
Reflexes seen in eyes of children
Fixation reflex – 2 to 4 months.
Macular differentiation – 4 to 6 months
Stereopsis (3-D vision) – appear at 6 to 8 months
Completes by 5 to 7 years.
Gene associated with development of eye
PAX6 gene
Sclera develops from
- Temporal part– mesoderm
- other parts – mesenchymal part of neural crest
Thickest basement membrane in the body
Lens capsule
Antioxidant vitamins
Vitamin B,C and E
Precursor of vitamin A – beta carotenoids
Antioxidant enzymes in the eye
Catalase
Superoxide dismutase
Glutathione peroxidase
MIP 26 is associated with
Transparency of lens
Maximum diminution of vision is seen in which type of cataract?
Posterior sub capsular
Which cataract shows onion peel appearance
Posterior polar
Nuclear cataract
Nuclear sclerosis
Hard cataract
Progressive index myopia
second sight
Cortical cataract
Over hydration
Hypermetropia
Frequent change of power of glasses
Cuneiform vs cupuliform cataract
Cuneiform– peripheral opacities, night blindness
Cupuliform – central opacities , day blindness
Classical signs in stages of cortical cataract
A)Stage of lamellar separation – glare
B)Early incipient cataract –( inferonasal quadrant) ,uniocular polyopia
C)Immature senile cataract-Iris shadow, coloured halos (phacomorphic glaucoma)
D)Mature senile cataract– GPP DOV;
E)Hyper mature, senile cataract
1) mortgagni - nucleus at bottom ,phacolytic glaucoma , phacogenic uveitis
2) sclerotic- wrinkled capsule ,phacodonesis (ant seg-phacotopic glaucoma), iridodonesis
