Operative Positioning Flashcards
Brachial Plexus injury will occur in supine position d/t:
__________ extension
abduction > _________ degrees
neck
90
The typical OR table has a weight limit of ________ and is _____ inches long.r
300lb
80.7
Injury of the radial nerve in supine position is from __________ compression of the radial nerve on the lateral aspect of the ___________.
external
humerus
Injury of the radial nerve results in _________ / weakness in abduction of the ___________, inability to __________ elbow. Numbness in dorsum of 1,2, and .5 of ring finger
wrist drop
thumb
extend
The most common postoperative peripheral nerve injury = ___________.
It gets compressed bt the __________ of the ulna and the medial __________ of the humerus with arm extension or severe flexion
Ulnar Nerve
olecranon
epicondyle
Ulnar nerve injury results in ___________. This gives inability to abduct or oppose the ________ finger. You will lose sensation of the ______ surface of the _________ fingers.
Claw hand
5th
palmar
4th and 5th
In the supine position you MAY have decrease venous return d/t ___________
IVC compression d/t masses/ pregnancy
In the Supine position, FRC decreases about _______ ml.
800
__________ position is used to treat hypotension by increasing venous return. It also helps prevent _________
Trendelenberg
air embolism
When using shoulder braces, they must be ________ over the ___________ joint
lateral
arcomioclavicular joint
Trendelenberg will increase venous return to the heart by about ___ L.
1
Reverse trendelenberg can cause injury to the ________ nerve which can cause foot drop
Anterior tibial
In the lithotomy position, hips are flexed ____-____ degrees and legs are abducted _____-_____ degrees from midline.
80 - 100
30 - 45
With candy cane stirrups the biggest nerve injury is to the ____________ nerve.
Common Peroneal N (lateral side of calf resting against bar)
With the Knee Crutch style of stirrups, watch for injury to the __________ Nerve
Popliteal ( Tibial and common peroneal N)
The most common LE nerve injury d/t the lithotomy position is the:____________
Common Peroneal N
The LITHOTOMY position is most commonly used for ________, ________, and ________ procedures. Do not flex hips beyond ______ degrees.
GU, GYN, Rectal
110
The common peroneal N is a branch of the ___________. S/S of injury is ___________ which causes loss of dorsal extension of the toes.
Sciatic
Foot Drop
Excessive external rotation of the hips can cause injury to the _________ N. S/S are weakness or paralysis of muscles _______ the knee, numbness of the _______ and lateral half of the ________. _________ can also occur.
Sciatic below foot calf foot drop
__________ N injury occurs with compression at pelvic brim by retractor/ excessive angulation of thigh. It results in loss of _________ flexion and loss of extension of __________ and decreased sensation over __________ aspect of the thigh.
Femoral
hip
knee
superior aspect
_____________ N injury occurs when the medial aspect of the LE is compressed against support bar. Results in paresthesia of medial side of calf
Saphenous
LE compartment syndrome results when decreased perfusion leads to ___________ and occur in surgical procedures > ____-_____ hrs in the positions of _______ or _______
rhabdomyolysis
2-3
lithotomy
lateral decubitus
In the lithotomy position, perfusion to the LE is __________. Perfusion pressure changes ___mmHg for each ____cm that a given point varies in vertical height above or below the reference point (HEART).
reduced
2
2.5
One eye injury in the prone position that causes blindness is __________________ which is caused by central vein or artery obstruction via sustained ____________. It is most common in _________ or _________ surgeries.
Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Pressure
cardiac or spine
In the prone position, check for ______________ syndrome preop.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
CV changes in the prone position are:
hypotension d/t ________________________, and
______________ in the LE’s.
IVC and aortic compression
venous pooling
In the prone position…. The V:Q mismatch will be _______ ventilation> perfusion and _________ perfusion > ventilation.
posterior
anterior
The lateral decubitus position is used for ________, __________, ________, or ________ surgeries. It require a _______ roll to be placed ______ to and outside of lower axilla.
hip, kidney, thoracotomy, shoulder
axillary
caudad
LATERAL POSITION:
In the awake and spontaneously breathing pt the ________ lung is better perfused and ventilated
dependent
LATERAL POSITION:
In the anesthetized but spontaneously breathing pt… the ________lung is better ventilated and the ____________ lung is better perfused.
nondependent
dependent
LATERAL POSITION:
In the anesthetized, vented pt…. the __________ lung is over-ventilated and the _______ lung is overperfused.
nondependent
dependent
In the sitting position you want atleast _____ finger-breaths bt the mandible and the sternum
2
Anytime the surgical site is above the level of the heart pt is at risk for ______________. This is the inability of ______________ to collapse. First s/s you’ll see is a _____________. You will hear a murmur called ___________.
VAE - venous air emobolus
venous sinus
decreased end tidal co2
wind mill
Tx of a VAE include: flood surgical field with ________, D/C __________, Place on _________, Place in __________ position, and ________ air from RA
NS
Nitrous
100% fio2
aspirate via catheter
