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operative > operative midterm lecture 1 > Flashcards

operative midterm lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

90-92% of enamel is

A

hydroxyapatite

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2
Q

strong and brittle

A

enamel

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3
Q

enamel rods
larger diameter near:
smaller near:

A

larger diameter near: surface
smaller near: dentin borders

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4
Q

enamel rods are ___ to long axis, and radiate _____
what should you never leave when prepping?

A

pp says perpendicular and radiate outward (parallel at occlusion)

never leave unsupported enamel

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5
Q

can act as food/bacteria trap
leads to decay

A

grooves and fissures

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6
Q

hypomineralized
extend into enamel from DEJ

A

enamel tufts

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7
Q

thin faults between enamel rod group
extend from enamel toward DEJ

A

enamel lamellae

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8
Q

hypomineralized zone where dentin meets enamel

A

DEJ
dentino-enamel junction

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9
Q

enamel solubility increases as you approach

A

DEJ

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10
Q

what lowers acid solubility

A

fluoride

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11
Q

strong and resilient
living tissue

A

pulp dentin complex

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12
Q

largest portion of tooth
located in both coronal and root portions of tooth

A

dentin

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13
Q

forms walls of pulp chamber

A

dentin

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14
Q

if dentin formed before or after enamel

A

formed immediately prior to enamel

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15
Q

formation of what continues throughout the life of the pulp

A

dentin

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16
Q

odontoblastic process crossed into enamel
may serve as pain receptors!

A

enamel spindles

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17
Q

where do dentinal tubules canals extend

A

from DEJ/DCJ to pulp

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18
Q

dentinal tubules are lined with

A

peritubular dentin

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19
Q

_____dentin is between dentinal tubules

A

intertubular dentin

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20
Q

where is the diameter of dentinal tubules largest at?

A

pulp

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21
Q

number of tubules/squares mm greatest at

A

pulp

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22
Q

formed by secondary odontoblasts
response to moderate irritant
at end of tubules at surface of pulp

(formed in response to trauma, chronic irritation, etc)

A

reparative dentin

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23
Q

primary dentin that has changed
-peritubular dentin widens, fills with calcified material

A

sclerotic dentin

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24
Q

dentin hardness averages ____ that of enamel

A

1/5

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25
Q

where is dentin harder?

A

harder near DEJ than near pulp

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26
Q

50% hydroxapatite

A

dentin

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27
Q

(dentin)
fluid movement in tubules=

A

dentinal sensitivity

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28
Q

odontoblastic process wrapped in nerves and fluid in dentinal tubules

A

hydrodynamic theory of pain transmission
(dentin sensitivity)

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29
Q

enamel/cementum removed during preparation= seal lost
causing small fluid movements in tubules=distortions in nerve endings =

A

pain

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30
Q

created whenever tooth is cut/prepared

plugs dentinal tubules

A

smear layer

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31
Q

-gray, semi-translucent
-color depends on underlying dentin
-becomes temporarily whiter when dehydrated
-shiny

A

enamel

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32
Q

yellow-white
dull, opaque

A

dentin

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33
Q

covers root surface
softer than dentin
formed continually

A

cementum

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34
Q

prep walls are designed to

A

retain restoration and resist fracture

35
Q

4factors to consider with dental anatomy

A

enamel rod orientation
thickness of enamel and dentin
size, location of pulp
relationship of tooth to periodontium

36
Q

locations of primary caries:
1
2
3

A
  1. pit and fissure
  2. enamel smooth surface
  3. root surface
37
Q

occur from imperfect coalescene of dvelopmental enamel lobe

A

pit and fissure

38
Q

area left unclean chronically

A

enamel smooth surface

39
Q

when would residual caries be acceptable in rare instance

A

to avoid pulp exposure and when left as affected dentin near pulp

40
Q

caries left by operator intentionally or accident

A

residual caries

41
Q

microleakage present at junctional between restoration and tooth

-may progress under restoration or behind it so it cannot be seen with radiograph

A

recurrent caries

42
Q

rate of caries.
rampant
light color
dull, mushy

A

acute

43
Q

rate of caries.
slow or arrested
dark color
appears, shiny, solid

A

chronic

44
Q

axial wall is (parallel/perpendicular) to long axis of tooth

A

parallel

45
Q

margin (edge) where prepared (cut) tooth meets unprepared tooth

A

cavosurface margin

46
Q

angle where prepared and unprepared tooth surface meet

A

cavosurface angle

47
Q

junction of two walls/surfaces along a line

A

line angle

48
Q

apex points away from observer

A

internal line angle

49
Q

apex points toward observe

A

external line angle

50
Q

point of 3 surfaces

A

point angle

51
Q

formed by full length enamel rods
enamel rods’ inner ends are on sound dentin

(important so wont fracture)

A

enamel margin strength

52
Q

when enamel rods are not supported by sound dentin
-remove from preparation (brittle, fracture easily)

A

unsupported enamel

53
Q

occlusal surface of posterior teeth
-may include lingual/buccal grooves and pits

A

class i

54
Q

proximal surfaces of premolars and molars

A

class II

55
Q

proximal surfaces of incisors and canines (does not involve incisal edge)

A

class III

56
Q

class III (proximal surfaces of ant) add incisal

A

class IV

57
Q

gingival 1/3 of smooth surfaces (buccal, lingual)

A

class V

58
Q

incisal edge or cusp

A

class VI

59
Q

connect 2 preps that are ____ apart

A

<.5mm apart

60
Q

outline form.
preserve what with cusps and marginal ridges

and minimize extensions ______

A

preserve strength and minimize extensions F-L

61
Q

when do you extend class I depth

A

when fissures cant be eliminated by enameloplasty and two caries <.5mm between them

62
Q

axial wall depth of class II INTO DENTIN

A

.2-.8mmm
1-1.5 on manikin

63
Q

remove shallow enamel fissure or pit
-creates smooth, saucer shaped surface= slef-cleansing

A

enameloplasty

64
Q

with enameloplasty, no more than ____ enamel thickness removed

A

1/3

65
Q

objectives are to resist fracturing the tooth or restorative material=

-need to resist or withstand occlusion force
-conservative extension
-preserve what 2 things:

A

resistance to fracture

preserve cusps and marginal ridges

66
Q

when is resistance form compromised

A

when margin exceeds 2/3 of the distance between central groove

-MUST cap weak cusps!!!!!!!!!

67
Q

when must cap weak cusp

and when consider capping weak cusps

A

must cap with margin exceeds 2/3 of distance between central groove

consider when margin end 1/2 distance between central groove and cusp tip

68
Q

slightly rounded:

A

internal and external line angles

69
Q

slightly rounded is accomplished with bevel at axiopulpal line angle

=less stress concentration !

A

external line angles

70
Q

flat floors of pulpal floor prevents

A

movement

71
Q

with resistance form, allow for sufficient _____ of restorative material.
amalgam:
gold:
porecelain:

A

thickness

amalgam: 1.5 min
gold: 1-2
porcelain: 2mm

72
Q

prevents tipping and proximal displacement

A

dovetail

73
Q

walls slant towards each other especially important with amalgam

A

convergence

74
Q

this resists pull of sticky foods

A

taller walls (wall length)

75
Q

initial stage steps

A

outline form
initial depth
primary resistance form
primary rentention form
convenience form

76
Q

form that allows you to access the defect
-allows you to see what you are doing

A

connivence form

77
Q

this is demineralized
-usually discolored but NOT soft
ok to leave in rare circumstances

A

affected dentin

78
Q

microorganisms present
-soft
-may/may not be stained
MUST REMOVE

A

infected dentin

79
Q

areas for restorative material to lock into

A

rentention grooves

improves retention
(secondary retention)

80
Q

fewer extensions
-bevel for rounded axiopulpal ling angle
=increase bulk of restorative material, disperse concentration of forces

A

secondary resistance

81
Q

positioning.
top of patients head=12
right= 8 position
left= 4 position
(patient tilting head slightly to the right)
what do you see on buccal side:
lingual side:

A

buccal= UL
lingual:LR

82
Q

positioning.
top of patients head=12
right= 11 position
left= 1 position
slightly to patient’s right and behind
(patient tilting head slightly to the left)
what do you see on buccal side:
lingual side:

A

buccal= UR
lingual= LL

83
Q

positioning.
top of patients head=12
right/left= 12-1 position
slightly to patient’s left and behind
(patient’s head tiled back)
what do you see on buccal side:
lingual side

A

buccal= R and L anterior
lingual= R and L anterior

operative (6 decks)

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