operations of systems Flashcards
Primary Flight controls are
Ailerons, rudder and elevator.
controlled through pedals and control stick
when a control surface is deflected
the camber and Angle of attack on its wing creates new lift and drag
ailerons
located on the outside trailing edge of the wing.
used to bank or roll aircraft
enhance lift when lowered,
enhance drag when raised
for ex. turning right: left aileron down, right: up
empenage
referred to the tail section, includes rudder, elevator or vertical, trim tabs and horizontal stabilizers
rudder
controls movement of vertical axis
controls yaw
controlled by rudder pedals
ex. press right pedal moves to right
elevator
attached to the horizontal stabilizer
controls pitch and lateral movement
yoke pulled back = elevator goes up increasing angle of attack
stabilator
one piece horizontal stabilizer that pivots up and down.
functions as both elevator and stabilizer
controlled through control wheel or stick
antiservo tab
mounted in the back of the stabilator,
works as a trim tab
gives control feel
Trim tabs
small hinged, aerodynamic surfaces that can be attached to a primary control
relieves control pressures
Flaps
allow for steeper approaches without increasing airspeed
increase lift and decrease stall speed
allows for shorten takeoff run and steeper climb
allows for control at a reduced speed
four types are plain, slotted. split and fowler
leading edge Slots
Usually placed near the wing tip to allow maintained aileron control.
allows a smooth flow of the top of the wing at higher AOA.
Slats
leading edge devices that produce slats
Spoilers
extend or pivot upward into the airflow on top of the wing to decrease lift.
Four stroke cycles
Intake, Compression, Combustion and Exhaust
mixture and controlled burning of the fuel/air mixture
Four Stroke cycle step 1 intake stroke
Air mixes with fuel down into the cyclinder
Four stroke cycle step 2 compression and combustion
Air/fuel mix is then compressed by a piston then ignited, delivering this energy through the crankshaft to the props
four stroke cycle step 3 exhaust
piston travels upward and expels burned mixture
induction system
purpose is to bring air and mix with fuel delivering it to cylinders. controlled by throttle and mixture
fixed pitch propeller
blade can’t be changed, speed controlled through throttle
constant pitch propeller
allows the change of blade pitch for the most efficient angle during flight
allows the prop to convert a high percentage of the engines power to thrust.
controlled by the throttle and prop control
Tail wheel or conventional landing gear
third wheel is at the tail
tricycle gear
third wheel is at the nose
fuel systems consist of
tanks, vents, valves, pumps, drains, gauges, and lines
fuel pump system found in
found in low wing airplanes
fuel-injected engines found in
high performances planes
boost pump
provides fuel pressure for engine starting
gravity feed system
flows by gravity from the fuel tanks to the engine
