Operations Flashcards
Quality Inspection
Only involves employees who make the product +happens after product/service has been produced.
Quality Control
-Product Oriented + Reactive process
-Setting standards and checking at several stages in the process.
Quality Assurance
-Process Oriented + Proactive process
-maintain a desired level of quality by aligning systems (requires training)
Conformance within a product
How well the product or service agrees with the design
3 Fundamental principles of TQM
Customer focus, continuous improvement and employee involvement
False about Forecasting
time series express the relationship between the factor to be forecast and related factors such as promotional campaigns, economic conditions and competitor actions
Jidoka
The use of an automation system to stop production when something is wrong and then fixing the problems.
Poka-yoke
The component parts of a product that fit together in a way that is intended reducing the need for rework.
Example of a time series forecasting technique
Exponential smoothing
Cloud/ any type of stream/ back up=
Back office
First step in the Service Firm Life Cycle
Entrepreneurship
Pull Method
Using information about customer demand habits to activate production
Franchising
Licensing out the manufacture of a product to other firms
Craft Era; What are the 3 types of processes
- Job shop
- Batch process
- Simple project
Flow
The focus for a process improvement should be balancing.
Kanban
A Kanban and container move as a pair once production begins at the fabrication process
MPO; Process with most variety
Project
Standardisation
Increases repeatability
Chase Demand Strategy
Adjusting inputs to an operation so that outputs match demand
MPO Processing type with high volume and lowest variety
Continuous Process
Procurement
Acquiring materials/services required for the organisation
Cross Docking
Processing items as soon as they are received into a distribution center
Mass Process=
Product Layout
Oligopoly
A situation where there are many large sellers who have some control over the market
Variability
Extent of customisation
5 basic organisational forms
simple, functional, divisional, conglomerate and hybrid
Fairest and Fastest type of queue
Single Line
Sequence of business and info links
supply chain network
Efficiency of a machine is calculated
Achieved capacity / effective capacity
Organisation that owns its suppliers
upstream vertical intergration
Balking
Joins a queue but immediately leave because they think itll take too long
4 differences between CPO and MPO
Intagibility, Heterogenity, Perishability, Simultaneity
Before final operation are termed
upstream
Effective capacity
the most likely output in a given time
CPO= Lowest volume
Professional service
Level Capacity
Inputs are kept constant during periods of lower demand to create inventory to meet periods with higher demand
Demand Management
Influencing demand so that inputs and outputs are closely matched (ads/promotions)
Yield Management
Overbook past capacity to maximise their usage, risk to customer service
Delphi Method
Uses a questionnaire to gain information from a greater number of experts
Panel Approach
Group of experts meet to determine their best guess to predict demand
Deming Cycle
Act, Plan, Check, Do
Benchmarking
Way of judging the way a business performs on particular criteria against others
Order Qualifier
The minimum characteristics that a product or business must meet to be able to compete
Order Winner
Characteristics that distinguish the product from others and secures the final purchase
Power Culture
Central Power source
Role Culture
Bureacratic, logical, logical + rules dominate
Task Culture
Job project or assignment based + task forces
Person culture
Organisation serves the people in it
Radical step change
Big impact on market and company
Incremental or contiuous improvement
enhances the performance
