Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COMP ITF > Operating Systems & Software > Flashcards

Operating Systems & Software Flashcards

1
Q

The FOUR main functions of an operating system are:

A
  1. Hardware Management
  2. Software/ Application Management
  3. File Storage/ Manipulation/ Removal
  4. Provide an interface for users
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 most common PC operating systems?

A
  1. Windows
  2. MacOS
  3. Linux
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Windows Operating System

A

-most widely used OS (70% market share)
-GUI (graphical user interface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MacOS

A

-proprietary OS (solely for Apple hardware)
-graphical user interface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Linux

A

-open-source/free
over 600 distributions
-command terminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the 2 most common OSs use a GUI?

A

Windows & MacOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Operating Systems come in which 2 variations?

A

32-bit
64-bit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How much data can a 32-bit OS process at one time?

A

Maximum 4GB of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much data can a 64-bit OS process at one time?

A

Maximum of 16 million TB of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Android Mobile OS

A

-Linux-based
-open sourced
-developed by Google
-most common mobile OS worldwide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mac iOS (Mobile OS)

A

-proprietary to Apple devices
-2nd most common mobile OS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Four types of Software Licenses

A
  1. Freeware
  2. Shareware
  3. Proprietary
  4. Open-source
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 common methods to install software

A
  1. Standalone
  2. Network
  3. Cloud
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Characteristics of Freeware

A

-free to use
-may result in limited functionality
-may contain Ads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Characteristics of Shareware

A

-free to install and use for a limited time
-continued used requires payment
-free trial often provided before requiring purchase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Characteristics of Proprietary Software

A

-owned by a company or person, not freely accessible
-purchase fee/subscription costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Characteristics of Open-Source software

A

-users can access, modify, and redistribute software’s source code
-free to use, may have restrictions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Single-platform Software

A

Only compatible with one specific type of operating system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cross-platform Software

A

Compatible with multiple operating systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Standalone Software Installation

A

Software installed on a single device, not connected to other computers or networks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Network Software Installation

A

Software installed on a SERVER, accessed by multiple devices on a network for easier device management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cloud-based Software Installation

A

Software accessed through a web browser, hosted on a remote server for accessibility and scalability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Disk Management is

A

-process of organizing and managing the storage of data on a computer’s hard drive
-creating, deleting, formatting, and resizing partitions

24
Q

Device Management

A

Managing various devices connected to a computer, including peripherals, printers, scanners, etc.
-installing, configuring, and updating device drivers

25
Q

Process Manahement

A

Managing processes and programs that are running on a computer
-starting, stopping, and prioritizing processes
-allocating resources such as CPU time, memory, and network bandwidth

26
Q

Task Scheduling

A

scheduling tasks to be performed automatically at specific times or intervals
-tasks such as running antivirus scans, backing up data, performing system maintenance tasks

27
Q

User Access Control

A

controlling who has access to various resources, including files, folders, and programs
-prevent unauthorized access and protect sensitive information

28
Q

FAT32
(File Allocation Table 32)

A

-default for Windows OS until Windows XP
-Maximum file size limit of 4GB

29
Q

NTFS
(New Technology File System)

A

-current default for Windows OS
-Supports file sizes up to 16 exabytes
-allows faster file access, file permissions, and EFS (Encrypted File System)

30
Q

NFS
(Network File System)

A

-Allows multiple computers to access the same files over a network
-share files across different OSs
-requires reliable and fast network connection

31
Q

Ext4
(Extended File System 4)

A

-Used in current Linux OSs
-advanced features like journaling
-stores additional metadata

32
Q

File Compression

A

-shrinks file size
-removes redundant information
-compressed files need to be uncompressed to view/execute

33
Q

File Permissions

A

-Set which users are allowed to: View, Execute, Edit
-can set files to read-only

34
Q

File Encryption

A

-Protection from file-theft/attacks
-turns file into unreadable mess
-needs to be decrypted with special key

35
Q

File Journaling

A

-logs file changes
-special file called “journal”
-used to recover lost data

36
Q

8 File Extensions

A

-Word processing
-spreadsheet
-presentation
-executable
-video
-image
-audio
-compression

37
Q

File Extensions

A

An abbreviation on the end of a file, indicating file type

38
Q

Executable File Extensions
-Windows
-MacOS

A

-perform a task by clicking on the file
-typically used with programs
-Batch files - .bat
-Windows - .exe
-MacOS - .app

39
Q

Media File Extensions
-Video
-Audio
-Image-

A

Video: .mp4, .avi, .wmv
Audio: .mp3, .wav
Image: .jpg, .png

40
Q

Compression File Extensions
-Windows
-Mac

A

Allow for content to be reduced in size.
Files include: .zip, .rar
-Windows: .iso
-Mac: .dmg

41
Q

Word Processing File Extensions

A

.doc
.pdf

42
Q

Spreadsheet File Extensions

A

.xls
.csv

43
Q

Powerpoint File Extensions

A

.ppt

44
Q

Layers of Application Architecture

A
  1. Presentation Layer
  2. Database Layer
  3. Business Logic Layer
45
Q

Presentation Layer - Application Architecture

A

Actual UI/Visual
-AKA client layer
-layer one
-buttons, drop-down menus, clickable items

46
Q

Database Layer - Application Architecture

A

Holds the data for the program (database)
-layer two
-customer data, customer login info, data needed to run software

47
Q

Business Logic Layer - Application Architecture

A

Helps flow of information between layers one and two
-AKA Application layer
-“middleman”
-adds functionality
example: typing search terms into Google (interacting with user), data layer won’t understand search terms, Business layer translates it to terms the data layer can understand

48
Q

One Tier Application Model

A

All 3 layers exist on one machine
-easiest to create
-not built for scalability, cannot be used by multiple users
-lacks redundancy
-presents security concerns
Examples: calculator, notepad

49
Q

Three Tier Application Model

A

Each layer has it’s own device:
1. Presentation Layer: on client’s workstation
2. Business Logic (Application Layer): a dedicated server
3. Database Layer: has a dedicated server
-highest scalability
-increased security
hardest to implement
Example: Most web-based applications

49
Q

Two Tier Application Model

A

-AKA Client-Server Model
Database (server) and presentation layer are separate, Business Logic layer is not present
-Two Device Model
-Network connection required
Example: PC Video Games

50
Q

SSL Certificates

A

-Shows website is secure
-identified by https

51
Q

Proxy

A

Server that makes requests on the behalf of other computers
-can block access to certain websites

52
Q

Private Browsing

A

No data stored or cached, including:
-browser history
-passwords
-login information
-cookies
-temporary files

Incognito - Google Chrome
InPrivate - Microsoft Edge

53
Q

What is a cookie?

A

-plain-text file stored on your hard drive by a website
-can deliver PII (personally identified information) to a website
-can hide viruses on your hard drive

54
Q
A

COMP ITF (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions