Operating systems Flashcards
Differentiate between a batch processing system and a multitasking system. Give one application of each system to support your answer
A batch processing system is a type of computer system that processes data in large batches or groups. A new task may not be started until the current one is complete.
E.g: Payroll, accounting procedures
A multitasking system Is a computer system that allows multiple tasks or processes to run concurrently.E.g : playing music and drawing sketch
Explain the Round Robin scheduling algorithm
In the Round Robin scheduling algorithm, the OS defines a time quantum (slice). All the
processes will get executed in the cyclic way. Each of the process will get the CPU for a
small amount of time (called time quantum) and then get back to the ready queue to wait
for its next turn. It is a preemptive type of scheduling.
What are the four characteristics needed for deadlock to occur
Deadlock happens when Mutual exclusion,
hold and wait, No preemption and circular
wait occurs simultaneously.
Define the bootstrap process
The initial process that loads the operating system into the
computer’s main memory (RAM) during the system startup.
Define Process Management
The activities involved in creating, scheduling, and
terminating processes, as well as managing process synchronization and
communication.
Define Interrupt
A signal that informs the operating system that an event requiring
immediate attention has occurred.
Define Deadlock
A situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because
each is waiting for the other to release a resource.
List atleast two ways in which deadlock can be resolved
Prevention: Ensuring that at least one of the necessary conditions for deadlock
(mutual exclusion, hold and wait, no preemption, circular wait) does not occur.
Avoidance: Dynamically analyzing resource allocation to avoid unsafe states that
could lead to deadlock.
Detection and Recovery: Periodically checking for deadlock conditions and
recovering by terminating processes or releasing resources.
What does it mean when a process is in the ‘Ready’ State
In this process is ready and is waiting to be assigned to the processor so it can run.
What are some advantages of the batch processing system?
It is very difficult to guess or know the time required for any job to complete.
Processors of the batch systems know how long the job would be when it is in queue
Multiple users can share the batch systems
The idle time for the batch system is very less
It is easy to manage large work repeatedly in batch systems
