Operant conditioning 6.2

Question 0

Reinforcment

Answer 0

Process in which an event or reward that follows a response increases the likelihood that response occurring again.

Question 1

Operant conditioning

Answer 1

Behavior is influenced by consequences.

Question 2

Reinforcer

Answer 2

Stimulus that is contingent upon a response and that increases the probability of that response occurring again.

Question 3

Punishment

Answer 3

Decreases future probability of a response.

Question 4

Punisher

Answer 4

Stimulus that is contingent upon a response and that results in a decrease in behavior.

Question 5

Primary reinforcers

Answer 5

Reinforcing stimuli that satisfy basic motivational needs.

Question 6

Secondary reinforcement

Answer 6

Consist do reinforcing stimuli that acquire their value through learning.

Question 7

Positive reinforcement

Answer 7

Strengthening of behavior after potential reinforcers such as praise, money, or nourishment follow that behavior.

Question 8

Negative reinforcement

Answer 8

Strengthening of behavior because it removes or diminishes stimulants.

Question 9

Avoidance learning

Answer 9

Negative reinforcement that removes the possibility that the stimulus will occur.

Question 10

Escape learning

Answer 10

A response removes the stimulus that is already present.

Question 11

Positive punishment

Answer 11

A behavior decreases because it adds or increases the particular stimulus.
(Spray bottle to make cat stop jumping on counter)

Question 12

Negative punishment

Answer 12

Behavior decreases because it removes or diminishes particular stimulus.
(Grounding a child)

Question 13

Extinction

Answer 13

Weakening of response when reinforcement is no longer available.

Question 14

Discriminative stimulus

Answer 14

A cue or event that indicates that a response, if made, will be reinforced.

Question 15

Shaping

Answer 15

A procedure in which a specific operant response is created by reinforcing successive approximations of that response.

Question 16

Schedules of reinforcement

Answer 16

Rules that determine when reinforcement is available.

Question 17

Continuous reinforcement

Answer 17

Every response made results in reinforcement.

Question 18

Partial reinforcement

Answer 18

Only certain number of responses are rewarded, or certain amount of time must pass before reinforcer is available.

Question 19

Fixed-ratio schedule

Answer 19

Reinforcement is delivered after a specific number of responses have been completed.

Question 20

Variable ratio schedule

Answer 20

Number of responses requires to receive reinforcement varies according to average.

Question 21

Fixed-interval schedule

Answer 21

Reinforces the first response occurring after a set amount of time.

Question 22

Variable interval schedule

Answer 22

First response is reinforced following a variable amount of time.

Question 23

Partial reinforcer effect

Answer 23

Phenomenon in which organisms that have been conditioned under partial reinforcement resist extinction longer than those conditioned under continuos reinforcement.