Operant conditioning

Question 1

Operant conditioning

Answer 1

A type of learning by which the likelihood of a particular behaviour occurring is determined by the consequences of that behaviour

Question 2

When is behaviour strengthened?

Answer 2

when the consequence is desirable (reinforcement)

Question 3

When is behaviour weakened?

Answer 3

When consequence is undesirable (punishment)

Question 4

3 phase model of operant conditioning

Answer 4

Antecedent, behaviour, consequence

Question 5

Antecedent

Answer 5

Why is the learner doing the behaviour

Question 6

Behaviour

Answer 6

What is the learner doing

Question 7

Consequence

Answer 7

What happens because they are doing the behaviour

Question 8

Identify the 3 phase model: I am cold. I put on a jumper and feel warm

Answer 8

A = feeling cold
B = put on a jumper
C = feel warm

Question 9

Reinforcement

Answer 9

when any stimulus strengthens of increases the likelihood of the behaviour that it follows

Question 10

Types of reinforcement

Answer 10

Positive and negative reinforcement

Question 11

Positive reinforcement

Answer 11

A stimulus that strengthens a response by providing a pleasant or satisfying consequence after the desired response has been made - ADDS SOMETHING GOOD
Example: money, grade, applause

Question 12

Negative reinforcement

Answer 12

a stimulus that strengthens a response by the reduction, removal or prevention of an unpleasant stimulus - UNPLEASANT CONSEQUENCE IS REMOVED
Example: taking panadol for headache

Question 13

Factors effecting reinforcement

Answer 13

Order of presentation, timing, appropriateness of the reinforcer

Question 14

Punishment

Answer 14

the delivery of an unpleasant consequence following a response, or removal of a pleasant consequence following a response - WEAKENS BEHAVIOUR

Question 15

Types of punishments

Answer 15

Positive punishment and response cost

Question 16

Positive punishment

Answer 16

The presentation of a stimulus, thereby decreasing the likelihood of a response occurring again - UNPLEASANT EVENT IS APPLIED
Example: siblings have a food fight at the dinner table –> they have to do the family dishes for a week

Question 17

Response cost

Answer 17

Removal of any valued stimulus, whether or not it causes the behaviour - TAKES AWAY SOMETHING GOOD
Example: speeding fine which takes away your money, jail term which takes away freedom

Question 18

Factors effecting punishment

Answer 18

Order of presentation, timing and appropriateness of the punisher

Question 19

Stimulus generalisation

Answer 19

Occurs when the correct response is made to another antecedent condition which is similar to the antecedent condition for which reinforcement is obtained

Question 20

Stimulus discrimination

Answer 20

When an organism makes a response to an antecedent condition for which reinforcement is obtained, but not for any other antecedent condition

Question 21

Extinction

Answer 21

The gradual decrease in the strength of rate of responding after a period of non-reinforcement

Question 22

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 22

After extinction, the response is again shown in the absence of reinforcement. Response is weaker after lengthy period following extinction