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LTI Teórico 2 > Openstack > Flashcards

Openstack Flashcards

1
Q

Hypervisores suportados pelo NOVA?

A

vmware, xen, Microsoft;

Containers; LXC e docker

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2
Q

Nova-compute para que serve?

A

Corre em cada compute node;

Cria e termina as VMs;

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3
Q

Nova-compute o que faz?

A

Interage com o hypervisor, arranca as instances e asegura que o seu estado é mantido na compute database.

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4
Q

O que acontece quando se arranca um VM com o NOVA?

A

A nova-api autentica-se com o keystone, chama o nova-scheduler que escolhe o compute host.
Em seguida é chamado o nova-compute com os detalhes da VM que por pede a imagem o glance, chama o neutron para o setup da network e o cinder para setup da block storage.

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5
Q

Exemplos de filtros?

A

Tem suporte para a imagem que se deseja?
specific host;
suficiente cpu’s?
suficiente ram?

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6
Q

Exemplo de pesos?

A

Preferencia por host com mais ram disponivel;

Preferencia por hosts com mais cyclos de cpu disponivel.

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7
Q

Nova-scheduler hits?

A

Exemplo: corre um vm num host diferente do host da instancia anterior

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8
Q

Hoste aggregates?

A

Metadata atribuida a hosts específicos utilizada pelos filtros do scheduler para eliminar hosts.

Host agregates permite overlaping.

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9
Q

Availability zones?

A

Nao permite overlaping. Hosts não podem fazer parte de várias Availability zones…

Usados pelo nova-scheduler para eliminar hosts.

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10
Q

CPU pinning

A

Advanced nova topic:
Allow assignment of vcpu’s to physical host processor cores.
Can result in significant VM (vnf) preformance increase.

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11
Q

Paging size increase

A

Advanced nova topic:
increase CPU TBL (translation lookaside buffer) efficiency

Allows predictable memory access performance at the expense of the ability to over subscribe memory resources

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12
Q

PCIe based NUMA (non uniform memory access)

A

Modern CPU’s have memory zones allowing faster access to specific cores.

Performance increases van be achieved by exposing physical cores NUMA ampping to the guest VM’s (VM can leverage the fater memory zones)

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13
Q

ephemeral storage

A

non persistent;

lifecycle usualy equates to a VM

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14
Q

block storage

A 
.Think raw disk;
.High Performance;
.boot drive for VM's;
.Attached storage for VM's;
.Performance apps;
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15
Q

Object storage

A

.Web scale storage for stuff
.secure, reliable, scalable, inexpensive ( cost effective);
.RESTfull urls for data access

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16
Q

block storage, use cases?

A

Tradicional datacenters;
Prodution application;
Databases app;
collaboration /messaging;

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17
Q

Object storage, use cases?

A 
Backups / archiving;
Iso images/ install media;
snapshots;
VM templates;
image/video files;
distibuted computing;
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18
Q

block storage, workloads?

A

heavy load storage changes;
Random disk read/writes;
High IO;
bursty traffic;

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19
Q

Object storage, workloads?

A

Content that tends to be more static;
Large and sequencial read/writes;
lower IO;

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20
Q

Glance?

A

Image repository;

metadata definitions;

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21
Q

Cinder

A

Controls data volumes for file systems and snapshots;

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22
Q

swift

A

Object data storage service for “web scale” e archive/backup;
Multi-tenancy;
3x replication;
Eventually consistent;

23
Q

Manila

A

shared file system service;

24
Q

Scavanna>sahara

A

HDFS file system

25
Q

Local storage on compute nodes

A

VM’S boot disk, live as long as an intance does. Not persistent. Disappears when an instance is terminated;
(nova-boot)

26
Q

Tipicamente, onde são guardadas DB’s, repo’s de documentos, repo’s de logs e snapshots em openstack?

A

Cinder ou Manilla;

27
Q

What swift is not?

A 
A drive or filesystem;
NFS;
Block storage;
Any SAN/NAS/DAS solution;
A CDN;
28
Q

Swift 3 rings?

A

Accounts;
Containers;
Objects;

29
Q

Swift ring, o que é?

A

mapping bewteen the names of entities sotored on disk and their physical location;

30
Q

TempAuth

A

WSGI middleware for auth; switf;

31
Q

Swift md5? para quê?

A

uploaded files levam um md5 checksum. Só são guardados se bater certo.

32
Q

switf proxy servers

A

Lidam com os pedidos. Dão acknowledges depois do segundo write;

33
Q

Neutron port? o que é?

A

Connection point to attach a NIC of a virtual server to a virtual network;

34
Q

network namespaces

A

Enables multi-tenancy;
Isolates networkd, routers, and other network resources.
Allows overlaping address;

Neutron supporst router, DHCP and load-balancing namespaces. (entre?)

35
Q

shared-nothing live migration

A

Alterações são partilhadas em tempo real?

36
Q

Microsoft virtualization:

Pros?

A

Menos servers físicos;
Menos custos;
Menos técnicos;
Maior Flexibilidade;

37
Q

Microsoft virtualization:

Cons;

A

Requerer servidores poderoso;
Servers individuais mais caros;
Técnicos mais bem treinados;
Mais data storage;

38
Q

Win Server 2012 editions

A

Datacenter;
Standart;
Essencials;
Foundations;

39
Q

2012 datacenter?

A

virtualização de servers a grandes datacenters;
Suporta 64 processadores;
Fault tolerant features;

40
Q

2012 standard?

A

full set of server 2012 features;
Only 2 concurrent virtual machines;
We can still use other physical servers;

41
Q

2012 Essentials?

A

no server core(console)
no hyper-v;
no AD federation services (can’t be DC);
only one physical or virtual instance;

42
Q

2012 Foundation?

A 
small businees,
good for files and print servers;
vpn access;
no virtualization;
15 users limit;
43
Q

win server 2012

A 
14.ghz 64 bits;
512gb ram;
32 gb disk
dvd drive, 
mouse keyboard
600*800 monitor;
44
Q

win server 2012 max hardware

A

virtually unlimited hd space,
4tb ram
64 clusters of servers in high availability config.

45
Q

storage spaces

A

new virtualization win 2012;
virtual sotrage pool form unused disk space;
behave like physical disks;
OS dependant, if crash, bye bye;

46
Q

simple volume

A

1 disk, 1 volume

47
Q

spanned volume

A

may disks 1 volume

48
Q

striped volume

A

raid 0 without parity - faster access

49
Q

mirror volume

A

raid 1, fault tolerant

50
Q

raid 5 volume

A

striped volume with parity - recovery date

51
Q

domain local groups accept?

A 
universal groups
golbal groups(any domain or forest)
52
Q

Que elementos são aceites por todos os groups?

A

users and computer;

53
Q

global groups accept?

A

other golbal groups from domain

replicate membership to DC

54
Q

Universal groups accept?

A

global groups form any domain or forest;
other universal groups,

the some from other forests if thrust exist

LTI Teórico 2 (2 decks)

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