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Scuba > Open Water > Flashcards

Open Water Flashcards

1
Q

DCS

A

Decompression Sickness

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2
Q

Port side

A

Left side when facing the bow

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3
Q

Bow

A

Front of the boat

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4
Q

Stern

A

Back of the boat

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5
Q

Starboard side

A

Right side when facing the bow

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6
Q

EAN

A

Enriched Air Nitrox. This is a form of mixed-gas scuba diving.

Standard air: 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen

Enriched air nitrox: 32% to 40% oxygen, with the remaining balance being nitrogen

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7
Q

First Stage

A

Part of a scuba regulator; this attaches to the air tank.

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8
Q

Inflator Valve

A

A manually operated valve that puts compressed air into the buoyancy bladders of a BCD or into a dry suit.

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9
Q

Jonline/Anchor Line

A

A line designed to attach to an anchor or other attachment at the bottom of the seafloor. This helps guide divers to the site and allows the diver to stay in the water column regardless of wave action during decompression stops.

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10
Q

Nitrogen Narcosis

A

(Rapture of the Deep): An altered mental state that occurs when nitrogen enters the bloodstream at pressure. Divers experience this differently, but commonly compare it to feeling slightly intoxicated.

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11
Q

Nitrox

A

For recreational diving, Nitrox (or Enriched Air Nitrox) refers to a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen where the oxygen concentration is more than 21 percent (which is the percentage of oxygen found in normal air). Most commonly refers to 32 percent oxygen in a tank.

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12
Q

No Fly/No Fly Time

A

The recommended timeframe you should wait between your last dive and getting on an airplane. The changes in altitude can cause DCS and other issues if flying happens too soon after scuba dives.

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13
Q

Octo/Octopus

A

This is a secondary regulator used for emergency situations such as buddy breathing or the failure of your main regulator.

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14
Q

Safety Stop

A

A 3-minute “hover” at the end of your dive made between 15-20 feet. This is a precaution to be sure that excess nitrogen has a chance to get out of your bloodstream so that DCS symptoms don’t appear.

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15
Q

Surface Interval

A

Amount of time you’re on the surface (or in the water above 10 feet if snorkeling).

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16
Q

Thermocline

A

A point underwater where the temperature drastically changes. Often this is visible as the two temperature “layers” meet.

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17
Q

Line

A

Any rope on a boat. DO NOT call a line on a boat a rope.

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18
Q

No-Stop Limit (NSL) or No-Decompression Limit (NDL)

A

The time interval that a diver may theoretically spend at a given depth without having to perform any decompression stops while surfacing.

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19
Q

How many feet in a meter?

A

3’ 3.37”

20
Q

SPG

A

Submersible Pressure Gauge - it displays how much air remains in your tank so that you can end your dive well before you get too low.

21
Q

Residual nitrogen

A

The amount of nitrogen still dissolved in your body after a dive.

22
Q

List typical secondary factors that contribute to DCS

A

Cold
Illness
Alcohol consumption
Dehydration
Age
Injury
Obesity

23
Q

How many often should you inspect your gear?

A

Before every dive

24
Q

In an emergency, how much if your weight should you be able to quick-release?

A

Enough to become positively buoyant.

25
Q

With BCD deflated and holding a normal breath, you should float at ________ on the surface.

A

Eye level

26
Q

As a general rule, you should stay within _______ of your buddy.

A

Two seconds

27
Q

If separated from your buddy, the rule of thumb is to look for no more than ______ before reuniting on the surface if not found.

A

One minute

28
Q

What is the first priority if there is an unresponsive diver underwater?

A

Get them to the surface as soon as possible while maintaining your own safety.

29
Q

Once an unresponsive diver has been returned to the surface, what is the priority?

A

Check for breathing and begin rescue breathing and CPR if needed.

30
Q

What is the first step in assisting an unresponsive diver at the surface?

A

Establishing buoyancy.

31
Q

Ascent Pressure

A

The pressure at which a diver must ascend to follow their decompression plan

32
Q

What dive injury shows similar signs/symptoms and requires similar first aid as DCS?

A

Lung overexpansion injuries

33
Q

What is the treatment protocol for DCS and lung overexpansion?

A
  • Check for breathing, provide CPR as needed
  • Contact emergency medical care (or diver emergency service)
  • Keep the diver lying down and provide emergency oxygen as needed
  • Monitor the divers condition
  • Record dive profile, symptoms, treatments, times, etc. for medical professionals
34
Q

What is the difference between Safety Stops and Emergency Decompression Stops?

A

Safety Stops keep you well within dissolved nitrogen limits.

Emergency Decompression Stops are necessary when no stop limits are exceeded and return you from outside dissolved nitrogen limits.

35
Q

For SINGLE no stop (no decompression) dives, the minimum preflight surface interval is _______.

A

12 hours

36
Q

For MULTIPLE no stop (no decompression) dives, the minimum preflight surface interval is _______.

A

18 hours

37
Q

For dives requiring emergency decompression stops, the minimum preflight surface interval is _______.

A

MORE THAN 18 hours

38
Q

What is the first and most important thing to do if a problem (e.g. severe leg cramp) occurs at the surface?

A

Establish buoyancy

39
Q

What are three things to be sure to do if you have a problem at the surface?

A
  1. Establish buoyancy
  2. Stop, think, then act
  3. If you need help, ask
40
Q

What four steps should you take to assist a responsive diver (breathing and alert) at the surface?

A
  1. Establish buoyancy for yourself and the diver
  2. If they are panicked, calm and reassure them
  3. Help the diver reestablish normal breathing
  4. As necessary, help them to the boat or shore
41
Q

Contaminated air signs/symptoms:

A
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Unconsciousness/unresponsiveness
  • Cherry-red lips and nail beds
42
Q

What gasses can cause gas narcosis?

A

Many, including the two principle gasses of air (oxygen and nitrogen)

43
Q

What are some of the symptoms of gas narcosis?

A
  • Feeling intoxicated
  • Loss of coordination
  • Slowed thinking and confusion
  • Inappropriate laughter
  • Anxiety and panic
    …
44
Q

What factors can make people more susceptible to gas narcosis?

A
  • Dehydration
  • Fatigue
  • Prescription/OTC drugs
    …
45
Q

Predive Safety Check

A

BWRAF
Begin With Review And Friend
- BCD
- Weight
- Releases
- Air
- Final check

Scuba (1 decks)

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