Open-Ended Exam 3 Flashcards
What forces are the weakest?
London
Higher the mass…
higher the melting point and boiling point
Higher the branched chains…
Lower the melting point and boiling point
Temperature
kinetic energy, motion of particles
Internal energy
kinetic energy + potential energy
Exothermic
release of heat
Endothermic
Absorption of energy
Heat capacity
the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a given amount of matter
Increase in volume…
lower the pressure
Volume and number of moles are/arent directly proportional?
are
Pressure and # of moles are/arent directly proportional
are
Pressure and volume are/arent directly proportional
arent
Temp and volume are/arent directly proportional
are
Volume and # of moles are/arent directly proportional
are
Pressure and temp are/arent directly proportional
are
Compressing the walls of a container will result volume to increase/decrease therefore the pressure will increase/decrease.
Decrease, increase
When cooling down a gas in a rigid container its temperature will decrease and its pressure will increase/decrease
decrease
After blowing air into a party balloon, the number of moles will increase, the volume will increase/decrease/ remain constant and that is because the pressure will increase/decrease/remain constant
increase, remain constant
In a closed container we double the temp and double the volume the pressure will increase/decrease/remain constant
remain constant
How do volume and temperature relate to each other? What happens to particles that makes the volume change as you increase temp? What variables must remain constant?
The volume increases as the temperature increases, and decreases as the temperature decreases. As you increase the temperature the particles move faster. Pressure remains constant.
What is the composition of air?
Nitrogen-78% Oxygen-21% Argon-1%
The higher the altitude…
the lower the atmospheric pressure, the lower the temp of the boiling point
high IMF and mass, higher/lower the B.P, higher/lower Hvap, Higher/lower the vapor pressure
Higher, higher, lower
Vapor Pressure
The pressure of a gas in equilibrium even when the liquid isn’t boiling.
Alcohol, amides and amines have what bonds?
Hydrogen bonds
Ether, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic, ester have what bonds?
Dipole-Dipole
Higher the M.P weaker/stronger the IMF
Stronger
How many ‘things’ need to be attached to a carbon to make it an alpha carbon?
4
Explain what structural factors make some peaks appear at a higher wavenumber than others.
The differences in wavenumbers are mainly due to different hybridization which = bond strength, the stronger the bond is.
why does a gas have more potential energy than a liquid
potential energy of any matter depends upon inter molecular space and gases have highest inter molecular space
sea level
760 torr
why does ethanoic acid have a stronger boiling point than propanol
the higher boiling point of carboxylic acid as compared to alcohol is due to greater hydrogen bonding in acids than in alcohols.
