OP2 Flashcards
Rectus Abdominus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubic Crest and Pubic Symphysis of Pubis
Insertion
Cartilages of 5th, 6th and 7th ribs and Xiphoid process
Innervation
Intercostal N
Action
Flexion of Trunk @ Vertebral column
Posterior Tilt of Pelvis
Compression of the abdominal wall
Palpation
External Oblique origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior portion of iliac crest, pubic bone and abdominal aponeurosis
Insertion
Lower 8 ribs (#5-12)
Innervation
Intercostal Nerves
Action
Unilateral: contralateral rotation of trunk/vertebral column
Lateral flexion of the trunk
Example: If doing a rotating sit-up, your left external obliques will contract to move your trunk towards your right knee.
Bilateral: aids rectus abdominis with flexion of trunk/vertebral column, and posteriorly tilts the pelvis
Compresses the abdominal contents
Palpation
Internal Oblique origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior portion of iliac crest, inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion
Last 3 ribs and abdominal aponeurosis
Innervation
Intercostal Nerves
Action
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of trunk/vertebral column
Ipsilateral lateral flexion of trunk/vertebral column
Example: If doing a rotating sit-up, your left internal obliques will contract to move your trunk towards your left knee
Bilateral: aids rectus abdominis with flexion of trunk/vertebral column and posterior tilt of the pelvis
Compresses the abdominal contents
Palpation
Erector Spinae Group origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pelvis
Insertion
Spine, Ribcage, and the head (Mastoid Process)
Innervation
Dorsal Rami of the Corresponding Levels (Spinal Nerves)
Action Extension of the trunk/vertebral column Ipsilateral rotation of the trunk Lateral flexion of the trunk Anteriorly tilts the pelvis
Palpation
Quadratus Lumborum origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse processes of L1-L4 and 12th rib
Insertion
Posterior portion of iliac crest & Iliolumbar ligament
Innervation
Lumbar Plexus
Action
Unilateral: Side flexion (lateral flexion) of the trunk/vertebral column or
elevation of the same side pelvis
Bilateral: Aids in extension of the trunk/vertebral column
Anteriorly tilts the pelvis
Depression of the 12th rib
Palpation
Anterior Scalene origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse Processes of C3-6
Insertion
Scalene Tubercle of Rib 1
Innervation
Ventral Rami of the Cervical Nerves
Action
Flexes the Neck
Laterally Flexes the Neck
Elevates Rib 1
Palpation
Middle Scalene origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse Processes of C2-7
Insertion
Rib 1
Innervation
Ventral Rami of the Cervical Nerves
Action
Flexes the Neck
Laterally Flexes the Neck
Elevates Rib 1
Palpation
Posterior Scalene origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse Processes of C5-7
Insertion
Rib 2
Innervation
Ventral Rami of the Cervical Nerves
Action
Laterally Flexes the Neck
Elevates Rib 2
Palpation
Gluteus Maximus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Posterior Iliac Crest, the Posterolateral Sacrum,
the Coccyx and Sacrotuberous Ligament
Insertion
Iliotibial Band (ITB) and the Gluteal Tuberosity of
the Femur.
Innervation
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Action
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Upper 1/3)
Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Lower 2/3)
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Gluteus Medius origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Ilium, Inferior to the Iliac Crest and between the
Anterior and Posterior Gluteal Lines
Insertion
The Greater Trochanter of the Femur
Innervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Action
Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Anterior Fibers)
Medially Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
(Anterior Fibers)
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Posterior
Fibers)
Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
(Posterior Fibers)
Anteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint (Anterior
Fibers)
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
(Posterior Fibers)
Palpation
Piriformis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Sacrum and Anterior Surface of the
Sacrotuberous Ligament
Insertion
Greater Trochanter of the Femur
Innervation
Nerve to Piriformis (of Lumbrosacral Plexus)
Action
Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Biceps Femoris origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin Long Head – Ischial Tuberosity and Sacrotuberous Ligament Short Head – Linea Aspera and Lateral Supracondylar Ridge of Femur
Insertion
Head of the Fibula and Lateral Tibial Condyle
Innervation Sciatic Nerve (Tibial–long head, common fibular–short head)
Action
Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Long Head)
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint (Long
Head)
Laterally Rotates the leg at Knee jnt (when knee
flexed)
Palpation
Semitendinosus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion
Proximal part of medial surface of shaft of tibia
(forms Pes anserine tendon)
Innervation
Sciatic Nerve
Action
Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
Med. Rot. of leg at knee J. (When knee is flexed)
Palpation
Semimembranosus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion
Medial Condyle to the Tibia (posterior surface)
Innervation Sciatic Nerve (tibial nerve)
Action
Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
Med. Rot. of leg at knee J. (When knee is flexed)
Palpation
Tensor Fascia Latae origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) and Anterior Iliac Crest
Insertion Iliotibial Band (ITB) (1/3rd of the way down)
Innervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Action
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Medially Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Sartorius origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion
Proximal anteromedial tibia (forms Pes
anserine tendon)
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint Med. Rot. of Leg at the Knee Joint
Palpation
Rectus Femoris origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
Insertion
Tibial Tuberosity via the Patella and Patellar
Ligament
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action
Extends the Leg at the Knee Joint
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Vastus Medialis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Medial Lip of the Linea Aspera of the Femur
Insertion
Tibial Tuberosity via the Patella and Patellar
Ligament
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action
Extends the Leg at the Knee Joint
Palpation
Vastus Lateralis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Lateral Lip of the Linea Aspera of the Femur
Insertion
Tibial Tuberosity via the Patella and Patellar
Ligament
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action
Extends the Leg at the Knee Joint
Palpation
Iliotibial Band (ITB) origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
The Iliac Crest
Insertion
The Lateral Condyle of the Tibia at Gerdy’s
Tubercle
Innervation
Not a muscle
Action
Contributes to knee stabilization.
Palpation
Adductor Longus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubis
Insertion
Middle 1/3 of the Medial Lip of the Linea
Aspera of the Femur
Innervation
Obturator Nerve
Action
Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Gracilis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubis
Insertion
Proximal part of medial surface of tibia (forms
Pes anserine tendon)
Innervation
Obturator Nerve
Action Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint. Med. Rot. of Leg at Knee Joint.
Palpation
Abductor Magnus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubis and Ishium
Insertion
Linea Aspera, Gluteal Tuberosity, Medial
Supracondylar line and Adductor Tubercle of
the Femur
Innervation
Obturator Nerve and Sciatic Nerves
Action Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint (pubic attachment of muscle)
Palpation
Tibialis Anterior origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Proximal lateral surface of the tibia (Technically no anterior surface of tibia)
Insertion
Plantar aspect of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
Action
Dorsiflexion of ankle (talocrural joint) and inversion of the foot (subtalar joint)
• If you invert your foot in dorsiflexion, you are using mainly tib ant
Palpation
Extensor Hallucis Longus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Middle portion of fibula, on the anterior surface
Insertion
Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great (1st) toe
Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
Action
Extension of the great toe and aids in dorsiflexion of talocrural joint/ankle
Palpation
Extensor Digitorum longus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Most of the anterior surface of the fibula plus the lateral tibial condyle
Insertion
By four tendons into middle and distal phalanges of 2nd- 5th toes (via the dorsal digital expanse)
Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
Action
Extension of the 2nd-5th toes and aids in dorsiflexion and eversion of the talocrural joint/ankle.
Palpation
Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus) origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Proximal 1/2 of lateral surface of fibula including the head
Insertion
Plantar aspect of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform (beside insertion of tib ant)
Innervation
Superficial Fibular Nerve
Action
Eversion of the subtalar joint/foot, (plus aids in plantarflexion of the ankle/talocrural joint)
Palpation
Fibularis Brevis (Peroneus Brevis) origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Distal 1/2 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion
Base of the 5th metatarsal
Innervation
Superficial Fibular Nerve
Action
Eversion of the subtalar joint/foot, (plus aids in plantarflexion of the talocrural joint/ankle)
Palpation
Gastrocnemius origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Posterior aspect of medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion
Calcaneus via the Calcaneal tendon
Innervation
Tibial Nerve
Action
Plantarflexion of the talocrural joint/ankle, plus aids in knee flexion
Palpation
Soleus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Upper portion of fibula and soleal line of tibia
Insertion
Calcaneus via the Achilles tendon
Innervation
Tibial Nerve
Action
Plantarflexion of the talocrural joint/ankle
Palpation
Plantaris origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion
Medial side of posterior part of calcaneus; sometimes part of Achilles tendon
Innervation
Tibial Nerve
Action
Plantarflexion of talocrural joint/ankle,
plus weakly aids in flexion of the knee
Absent in some people
Palpation
Tibialis Posterior origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Proximal Posterior aspect of tibia and fibula
Insertion
Navicular, cuboid, all cuneiforms and 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals
and calcaneus
Most important insertion bone: navicular
Innervation
Tibial Nerve
Action
Inversion of subtalar joint/foot (plus aids in plantarflexion of
talocrural joint/ankle)
If you invert the foot while it is plantarflexed, you will be using mainly tib post
Palpation
Flexor Digitorum Longus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Middle Posterior surface of tibia
Insertion
Distal phalanges of 2nd- 5th toes via 4 tendons.
Innervation
Tibial Nerve
Action
Flexion of the 2nd – 5th toes (plus aids in plantarflexion of the talocrural joint/ankle).
Palpation
Flexor Hallucis Longus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Distal Posterior surface of fibula
Insertion
Distal phalanges of great toe (first digit)
Innervation
Tibial Nerve
Action
Flexion of the great toe (plus aids in plantarflexion of the talocrural joint/ankle).
Palpation
Extensor Digitorum Brevis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Dorsal surface of the Calcaneus
Insertion
Lateral side of the distal tendons of Extensor
Digitorum Longus for toes #2-4
Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
Action
Extension of Toes #2-4 at the
Metatarsophalangeal and Proximal & Distal
Interphalangeal Joints
Palpation
Extensor Hallicus Brevis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Dorsal surface of the Calcaneus
Insertion
Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the Big Toe
Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
Action
Extension of Toes #1 the Metatarsophalangeal
Joint
Palpation
Zygomaticus Major origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Zygomatic Bone
Insertion
Angle of the Mouth
Innervation
Facial (CN VII)
Action
Elevates the Angle of the Mouth
Palpation
Risorius origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Fascia over the Parotid Gland (superficial to
Masseter)
Insertion
Angle of the Mouth
Innervation
Facial (CN VII)
Action
Draws Laterally the Angle of the Mouth
Palpation
Buccinator origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Maxilla and the Mandible (Outer surfaces of the
Alveolar Processes)
Insertion
Lips (Deep into the musculature, lateral to the
angle of the mouth
Innervation
Facial (CN VII)
Action
Compresses the Cheeks
Palpation
