OOP Flashcards
Define a Class
A definition (or blueprint) of an object, its methods and its behaviours
Define an Object
An entity defined by its attributes and methods. (The entity modelled. Like a car.)
Define Instantiation
Creating software objects from class definitions
Define Encapsulation
Making the attributes of a class private, only allowing it to be shown through methods.
Define a reference variable
A variable set to an instance of an object
Define inheritance
When one class (child) receives some of the attributes and methods of an existing class (parent)
Define Overriding
When a method is changed and overwritten by a child class
Define Association
When 2 classes are not inherited from one another, but have a relationship to one another.
Define Aggregation
When the 2 classes can exist without each other
Define Composition
When one class cannot exist without another.
What does the phrase: “Favour composition over inheritance” mean?
Inheritance can be complex and allow too much to be inherited; composition is often more realistic and pragmatic
What does the phrase “Encapsulate what varies” mean?
Use private attributes & public methods
What does the phrase “Program to interfaces, not implementation” mean?
Interface provides an abstraction, hides complexities of system from a user and can have different implementations for the same interface
Define Polymorphism
When a method of a child and parent class is the same, but the behaviour is different
Define a class definition
Template or blueprint used to define object
Define a stack frame
Used to store the values of parameters and local variables and the return address when another routine is called so that it can return correctly
Define Object Oriented paradigm
Combines methods (subroutines) and attributes (data) into a class definition
Define Procedural paradigm
Code that is structured into subroutines; each subroutine carries out a distinct task and data is shared through parameters and return values.
