Oo Flashcards
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Civilization
A
Form of culture characterized by cities, specialized works, complex institutions, record keeping, advanced technology
1
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Prehistory
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History before written records
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Empire
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Political system in which people or country’s are controlled by a single unit
3
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Civil service
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Administrative departments of government , especially those who are hired on the basis of their scores
4
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Mandate of Heaven
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When rulers say they have the right to rule due to god
5
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Dynasty
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Line of rulers from a family
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Code of Hammurabi
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First written set of laws engraved on a stone
7
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Confucianism
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Philosophy based on respect, generosity and truthfulness. Based on Confucius
8
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Daoism
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Loazi philosophy. The way. Calm
9
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Legalism
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Chinese philosophy. government is key
10
Q
What where differences between Sumer Assyria China & Persia.
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Sumer had cities rather than city states. Assyria created an empire. China had a dynasty. Persia had city. All had different city’s
11
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Water influences that influenced Sumer and China
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Sumer is in Tigris and Euphrates( Fertile Crescent). Yellow river=China
12
Q
Who’s Darius?
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Darius was the Persian ruler that was open to culture, wasn’t a tyrant.
13
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What where the Xia and Chin dynasties?
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Qin was short lived dynasty that succeeded Zhou. Xia were first people
14
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Assyria created first empire
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Assyria created first empire
15
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Polis
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Greek city state . Fundamental political unit of Greece after 750 BC
16
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Democracy
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Government controlled by its citizens
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Monarchy
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Government in which power is in the hands of a single person
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Aristocracy
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Power in which a hereditary ruler rules.
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Oligarchy
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Power based on wealth of ruler
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Cultural diffusion
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Act of mixing culture
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Geography Greece
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Because it had mountains and their was the sea
22
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Difference between Sparta and Athens
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Sparta- men soldiers not pussies
Athens- smart, pussies
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Rhetoric
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Art of speaking in public
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Phases of Persian wars
Greeks war with Persians. Sparta and Athens combine to fight Persia.
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After Persian war what city state was most powerful
Athens
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Alexander the Great
Macedonia.dad Philip . Killed. Conquered Greece. Indie . Etc
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Hellenic culture
Before Alexander the Great
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Hellenistic
During and until 2nd century b.c
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Categories in Hellenic & Hellenistic
Visual art. Philosophy. History. Science
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Republic
Form of government in which power is in the hands of reps and leaders are elected by citizens who have rights . Ex America
31
Senate
In Ancient Rome, supreme governing body, only made up of aristocrats
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Patrician
In Ancient Rome, member of wealthy privileged, upper class
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Plebeians
One of the common farmers, artisans who made up most of population
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12 tables
First written law that all free citizens have protection rights in Ancient Rome
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Dictator
Given absolute power to make laws and choices
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Pax Romana
Peace, prosperity, from 27 BC to 180 AD in Rome
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Italian geography
Rivers . Pinninsula
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Original influences on Romans
Etruscans and Greeks
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Languages got influenced by this
Latin
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How did Rome become a republic
After Tarquin the proud(tyrant)ruled. They declared that they would never rule again
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Punic wars
Series of three wars in which Carthage was destroyed and Rome won and dominated Mediterranean Sea
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Gracci bros
Wanted to give land to the poor
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Ceaser- Brutus
Ceaser was a tyrant so then got killed by Brutus Octavian.
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Octavian
Ceaser adopted son
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Anthony and cleopatra
Anthony and cleopatra lovers. Octavian beat them, they killed them selves
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Constantine
Ended Christianity from being slaved
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Rome fell in 476 because
Military not loyal, weak political power, economy weakened, empire too big, Germans ruined it
48
Legacies of Rome
Language- latin
Literature- The Ained by Virgil
Architechture- Arches, coliseum
Politics/law-12 tables, democracy,law
49
Justinian code
Extension of roman 12 tables or code of law that is basis for all modern structure
50
Eastern Orthodox
Dominant religion in Byzantium and Russia
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Czar
Name given to a person who is trying to be the next caesar and form another empire
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Hagia Sophia
Built by Justinian large cathedrals.
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Justinian
Good ruler, created Justinian code. Influenced by Germans
54
Internal and external problems after Justinian
Emperors killed. Invasions
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Religion impacts Byzantine culture to Russia
Missionaries
56
Byzantium religion
Church split
57
Most important leaders of Russia to its own country
Ivan 1,2,3
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1480 Russia
Mongols
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Five pillars
Duties Muslims have to do in order to go to heaven
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Sunni
Follow Quran and follow first 4 caliphs
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Shia
Division of Muslim in which they believe Ali was supposed to be the ruler
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Sufi
Muslims who seek to pursue poverty and devotion to a spiritual path
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House of wisdom
House of learning, center of learning in Baghdad
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Muslim Impact on...
Learning- astronomy and algebra
Trade- set up ports
Math- algebra
Art- calligraphy
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Location of Muslim helpful to spread religion because.
Indian and Mediterranean seas help spread faith
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Secular
Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters
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Feudalism
Political system in which lord earned large amounts of land and let slaves stay in that land
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Manorilsm
Code between serfs and lords. Serfs get protected by lords . Serf took care of land
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Holy Roman Empire
Empire in Europe consisting of lands with Germany and Italy. Created by Otto, Charlemenge was the famous ruler
70
Charles Martel
Charles the hammer. Extended franks from N,S,E,W and considered a savior because they would have had to convert into Christianity.
71
Pepin the short
Worked with pope and agreed to fight Lombard and invaded Italy and threatened to fight holy church
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Charlemenge
Charles the great. Good ruler. Had 3 sons. They split his empire up. Fought Muslims and other invaders.
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Treaty of verdun
When charlemenges son split his empire up
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Invaders of medival Europe
Vikings Magyars and Muslims
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Feudal structure
King,lords bishops, knights, peasants
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Church involved in medival times
Church was very involved and religion was fundemental
77
Crusades
Expeditions in order to conquer the holy land between Muslims and Christians
78
Recon quests
Christian leaders trying to lead Muslims outta Spain
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Inquisition
Roman Catholic term for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy
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Commercial revolution
Expansion of trade and business that transformed European countries
81
Vernacular
Everyday language. Latin
82
Estates general
Assembly of all 3 reps in France
83
Great schism
1376. Church divides
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Black Plague
Wiped out 1-3 of European population
85
Cause & effect of crusade
Culture diffusion between Muslims, currency trades, spark of renisance
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Black Plague effect on feudalism
It stopped because they just wanted to start over
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Crusade influence on commercial revolution
Currency,trade,spark of renisance
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Rise of ottomans contribute to Europe
Kept Tryna invade so Europe had to unify
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Grand canal
Waterway completed by the Sui emperors which connected the Haung He and chaung Je
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Moveable types
Blocks of wood or metal, for printing
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Samurai
Japanese warriors
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Shogun
Supreme military commander who is also emperor
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Bushido
Strong code of behavior followed by samurias
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5 legacies of tang and sang dynasty
Porcelain, mechanical clock, printing, explosive powder, paper money, magnetic compass
95
China influence japan
Buddhism, writing, cooking, culture, japan just made theirs a bit different
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Who ruled in japan
Emperor ruled in japan but shogun was everything
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Renisance
Changes in art, rebirth of art
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Humanism
Renisance intellectual movement in which artists studied potential and achievements
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Reformation
Act of reforming
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Indulgence
Pardon by priest for forgiveness of sin
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Predistination
Doctrine that god has everything planed before hand
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Catholic counter reformation
16th century movement for religious reform
103
Y did renisance start in ital
Thriving cities, wealthy merchants
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How did renisance spread to Northern Europe
They had a chance for a fresh start
105
Protestant reformation
Corrupt priests , bad church
106
Calvinism
Predestination
107
Lutheran
95 thesis . Martin Luther no pope.
108
Catholic
Pop
109
THREE IS
Ignatius, inquisition, indulgence
110
Columbus
Founder of America who originally thought it was Asia
111
Colombian exchange
Global transfer of diseas plants etc
112
Conquistador
Spanish conqueror
113
Colony
Land controlled by other nation
114
Favorable balance of trade
Country sells more than it buys
115
Capitalism
Economic system based on private ownership amd on investment on money
116
Hernan Cortes
Colonized Mexico and conquered Aztecs
117
3 goals for age of exploration
Greater glory of god. Gold, god
118
Social classes age of exploration
They got same wages
