OnTrack Flashcards
When the number of C. difficile bacteria increases greatly in the gut it can cause problems; the most common reason why this occurs is due to taking antibiotics.
Which of the following antibiotics does NOT cause Clostridium difficile infection?
Ampicillin Clindamycin Ciprofloxacin Fidaxomicin Cefuroxime
Fidaxomicin is used to treat C. difficile.
A 52-year-old patient is diagnosed with angina after complaining of chest pain and has also been recently diagnosed with T2DM. After taking his newly prescribed medication, he comes into your community pharmacy to complain of severe headaches.
Which of the following newly prescribed medication is most likely causing these headaches?
Aspirin
Glicalzide
Isosorbide mononitrate
Simvastatin
Isosorbide mononitrate
A doctor contacts you asking you to suggest a drug to treat a patient who has contracted meningococcal disease.
Which drug would be suitable to be given via intravenous infusion in this patient?
Benzylpenicillin sodium Erythromycin Linezolid Metronidazole Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Benzylpenicillin sodium
Mrs T comes into the hospital with a potassium level of 7 mmol/L (range 3.5-5.3) and is diagnosed with hyperkalaemia.
Which drug requires monitoring for hyperkalaemia?
Citalopram Enoxaparin Ferrous sulfate Naproxen Salbutamol
Enoxaparin can raise potassium levels due to it inhibiting aldosterone secretion. This is particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, pre-existing metabolic acidosis, taking medicinal products known to increase potassium. Plasma potassium should be monitored regularly especially in patients at risk.
A patient presents to the community pharmacy in which you are the Responsible Pharmacist. Upon discussing with the patient you ascertain that she is 28 weeks pregnant and suffers with severe hypertension.
Which of the following medications is NOT appropriate to sell OTC to this patient?
Glycerol suppositories Paracetamol tablets Pseudoephedrine tablets Saline nasal spray Docusate sodium capsules
Pseudoephedrine is contraindicated in patients suffering with severe hypertension.
A patient on warfarin has had a recent decrease in their INR test result.
What is the most likely cause of this?
Clopidogrel Fluconazole Disulfiram Phytomenadione Sodium valproate
Phytomenadione is vitamin K which antagonises the vitamin K antagonist warfarin.
Which of the following is an osmotic laxative?
Ispaghula husk Methylcellulose Lactulose Docusate sodium Bisacodyl
Lactulose is a semi-synthetic disaccharide which is not absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. It produces an osmotic diarrhoea of low faecal pH, and discourages the proliferation of ammonia-producing organisms.
What are the counselling points for Mycophenolate ?
The MHRA advises:
• Exclude pregnancy before treatment—2 pregnancy tests 8–10 days apart are recommended.
• Women should use at least 1 method of effective contraception before and during treatment, and for 6 weeks after discontinuation—2 methods of effective contraception are preferred.
• Male patients or their female partner should use effective contraception during treatment and for 90 days after discontinuation.
You are supporting a hospital outpatient service for patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Impulse control disorders are most likely a side effect of which of the following medicines? Domperidone Levodopa Midodrine Modafinil Ropinirole
Ropinirole. Levodopa is also associated with impulse control disorders, however the answer reference given states: ‘Conversely, excessive sleepiness, hallucinations, and impulse control disorders are more likely to occur with dopamine-receptor agonists than with levodopa.’ Thus ropinirole is the best answer.
