One Word Answers Flashcards
What is the building block of proteins?
Amino acid
What type of bond links amino acids together?
Peptide bond
Which protein carries oxygen in red blood cells?
Hemoglobin
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Nucleotide
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil
What is the name of the sugar found in RNA?
Ribose
What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosome
What is the start codon in translation?
Methionine (AUG)
What structure holds sister chromatids together?
Centromere
What is the process of cell division in somatic cells?
Mitosis
What enzyme unwinds DNA for replication?
Helicase
What type of RNA carries genetic instructions from DNA?
mRNA
Which molecule acts as an interpreter during translation?
tRNA
What term describes programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
What organelle modifies and packages proteins?
Golgi apparatus
What process creates mRNA from a DNA template?
Transcription
What is a permanent change in DNA sequence called?
Mutation
Which enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands?
DNA polymerase
What is the name of the site where ribosomes bind to mRNA?
Ribosome binding site
What do we call an inactive X chromosome in female cells?
Barr body
