One Flashcards
used to determine the distance of a known fault on the cable plant from a specific locatoin
TDR
a device that assists in testing return ingress at a tap location using an available dust cap cover port
I stop
the most common home theatre connection, with sound broken out into two separate cables, color coded fro left and right audio
composite
typically used for audio, this is a form of modulation in which the amplitude of a signal changes in accordance with the instantaneous value of the modulating signal
AM
in signal processing, this term refers to an effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable when sampled
aliasing
known as an intra-coded picture
I pic
a design philosophy where the loss of the cable and other passive devices before an amplifier station equals its gain
unity gain
a discontinuous signal whose various states are discrete intervals apart.
digital signal
this type of test requires a reference pattern to be sent in order to interpret if errors are present
closed loop testing
this RF passive device has a loss of 3.01dB, disregarding all other internal circuitry
splitter
the number of bits per symbol transmitted in a 256 QAM channel
8 bits
this theorem states that in order to obtain an accurate recreation of a signal, it must be sampled at a rate of at least twice the highest frequency.
Nyquist’s rule
as the modulation rate increases in a constellation diagram, the symbol regions decrease and are what fraction of the prior region
25% (a quarter)
the minimum heel length for new and used boots
3/4” ; 1/2”
a digital connection that can carry both digital video and up to eight channels of audio on a single cable
HDMI
the maximum volume at 3m of the Xfinity home smoke and or heat detector sounder
85 dBa
this is determined by the ratio between the digital carrier RMS level and the noise floor RMS level
carrier to noise ratio
Distortion components caused by non-linear mixing of carriers in the transmission system
Carrier to Coherent Interference
Generally HUM at low frequency—60Hz from the power system, 120Hz from linear power supplies, < 1 KHz from switching power supplies, and other low frequency sources.
Carrier to Low Frequency Distortion
Continuous unwanted signal within the channel pass band that can affect digital decoding but has minimal adverse effect on analog signals
Carrier to Sustained Impairments (CI)
Digital effect due to power loading on amplifier circuits, generally present in processing equipment.
Spectral Regrowth
– In the analog world, this results in “Ghosting” or “fringing,” also known as “ringing.” These are reflections that, if high enough in level in relation to the carrier, cause digital decoding problems
Multipath and Micro-reflections
Generally has no effect in the analog world, but can cause severe reliability problems in digital carriers. This is usually due to oscillator instability in processing equipment.
Phase Noise
Result of the presence of any of the distortion components listed above that cause an error in the digital decoding
Amplitude and Phase Distortion
a signal deviation typically caused by coax impairments
linear distortion
nominal acceptable C/N for reliable operation is:
QPSK - 12dB
16QAM - 20dB
64QAM - 31dB
256QAM - 38dB
There are numerous factors that contribute to digital carrier stability
Type of programming
Compression ratios
SD vs HD
480nm
blue light