Oncology I Flashcards
What 2 ways is cancer classified?
- tissue or blood cells where it STARTS
- type
What are the 2 types of tumors?
Solid tumors and hematologic malignancies
What are the 2 subtypes of solid tumors?
Sarcomas (connective tissue)
Carcinomas (lining of organs…the epithelium)
What are 3 subtypes of hematologic malignancies?
Leukemias
Lymphomas
Myelomas
What 3 ways can malignancies occur?
Direct invasion
Blood system
Lymphatic system
1 cause of preventable cancer
tobacco
6 dietary causes of cancer:
- low-fiber diet
- increased red meat
- increased animal fat
- nitrites
- alcohol
- preservatives and additives
What race has the highest incidence of cancer?
African Americans
Caucasians are 2nd
Annual mammograms starting at age ___
40
Colonoscopy at age ___, then every ___ years if no probs
50
10
What is the #1 complaint of cancer pts?
Extreme fatigue
What blood cells are most affected by cancer?
Neutrophils
What is the difference between ADJUVANT and NEOADJUVANT therapies?
Adjuvant –> 2 therapies used together
Neoadjuvant –> time-specific therapies, or one before the other (ex/ surgery then chemo)
What is the difference between BRACHYTHERAPY and TELETHERAPY?
Brachytherapy –> internal radiation
Teletherapy –> external radiation
With internal, or brachytherapy, radiation, describe the difference between sealed and unsealed?
Sealed (solid) = CLIENT emits radiation, but body fluids do not
Unsealed = CLIENT AND BODY FLUIDS emit radiation (think…it’s unsealed, so radiation can spill out from everywhere)
