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USMLE STEP 1 > Oncology drugs > Flashcards

Oncology drugs Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Alectinib and Crizotinib target is?

A

ALK

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2
Q

For what pathology do you use Alectinib and Crizotinib?

A

Non-small lung cancer

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3
Q

Which adverse effects do Alectibin and Crizotinib have?

A

Edema, rash, and diarrhea

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4
Q

What is the target of Erlotinib, Gefitinib, and Afatinib

A

EGFR

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5
Q

For which pathology are Erlotinib, Gefitinib, and Afatinib used?

A

Non-small lung cancer

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6
Q

Which adverse effects do Erlotinib, Gefitinib, and Afatinib have?

A

Rash and diarrhea.

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7
Q

What is the target of Imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib?

A

BRC-ABL and other tyrosine kinases

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8
Q

For which pathology are Imatinib, Dasatinib and Nilotinib used?

A

CML, ALL and GIST

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9
Q

Which adverse effects do Imatinib, Dasatinib, and Nilotinib have?

A

Myelosuppression, increase in liver function test, edema, and myalgia

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10
Q

What is the target of Ruxolitinib?

A

JAK 1/2

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11
Q

For which pathology is Ruxolitinib used

A

Polycythemia Vera

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12
Q

What are the side effects of Ruxolitinib

A

Bruises and increase in liver function tests.

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13
Q

What is the target of Bortezomib, Ixazomib, and Carfilzomib?

A

Proteosomes

Inducing arrest G2 to M phase through the accumulation of abnormal proteins.

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14
Q

For which pathology are Bortezomib, Ixazomib, and Carfilzomib used?

A

Multiple Myeloma, Mantle cell lymphoma

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15
Q

What are the side effects of Bortezomib, Ixazomib, and Carfilzomib?

A

Peripheral neuropathy and Herpes Zoster reactivation ( due to a decrease in T cells)

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16
Q

What is the target of Vemurafenib, Encorafenib and Dabrafenib?

A

BRAF

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17
Q

For which pathology are Vemurafenib, Encorafenib, and Dabrafenib used?

A

Melanoma, and is co-administered with Trametinib ( which is a MEK inhibitor)

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18
Q

Side effects of Vemurafenib, Encorafenib and Dabrafenib?

A

Rash, Fatigue, Nausea and Diarrhea.

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19
Q

What is the target of Palbociclib?

A

CDK 4 and 6

Which induces arrest at G1-S phase

20
Q

For which pathology is Palbociclib used?

A

Breast Cancer

21
Q

Which are the side effects of Palbociclib?

A

Myelosuppression and Pneumonitis

22
Q

What is the target of Olaparib

A

ADP-Ribose Polymerase

which decreases DNA repair

23
Q

For which pathology is Olaparib used?

A

Breast, Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Prostate Cancer.

24
Q

Which are the side effects of Olaparib

A

Myelosuppression, Edema, and diarrhea.

25
Q

Cisplatin, Carboplatin, and Oxaliplatin mechanism is

A

cross-link of DNA.

26
Q

Cisplatin, Carboplatin, and Oxaliplatin are used for

A

Solid tumors and lymphoma.

27
Q

What are the side effects of Cisplatin, Carboplatin, and Oxaliplatin?

A

Peripheral Neuropathy
Ototoxic
Nephrotoxic = Fancony which can be prevented with Amifostine.

28
Q

how can we prevent Fancony when using Platinum compounds

A

Amifostine

29
Q

PD-1 Antibodies

A

Cemiplimab, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab

30
Q

PD-L1 Antibodies

A

Atezolimumab, Durvalumab, Avelumab

31
Q

Antibodies against CTLA- 4

A

Ipilimumab

32
Q

Monoclonal antibodies are eliminated by

A

Macrophages

33
Q

Alemtuzumab target

A

CD52

34
Q

What do I use Alemtuzumab for?

A

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) LEM = LYM and for Multiple Sclerosis

35
Q

Target of Bevacizumab

A

VEGF

36
Q

what do I use Bevacizumab for

A

Colorectal cancer, RCC, Non-small lung CA, antiproliferative retinopathy

37
Q

Side effects of Alemtuzumab

A

increase risk of infections and autoimmunity

38
Q

side effects of Bevacizumab

A

Blood clots, Hemorrhage, impaired wound healing.

39
Q

Target Cetuximab and Panitumumab

A

EGFR

40
Q

What do i use Cetuximab and Panitumumab for

A

Metastatic CRC ( wild type RAS) and for neck/head cancer

41
Q

Side effects of Cetuximab and panitumumab

A

Rash, elevated liver function tests, diarrhea.

42
Q

Use of Rituximab

A

Non- Hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, Rheumatoid Arthritis, ITP, TTP, AIHA, multiple sclerosis

43
Q

Adverse effect of rituximab

A

Infusion reaction = cytokine release = target on B cells

44
Q

Trastuzumab use

A

breast cancer and gastric cancer

45
Q

Side effects of trastuzumab

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy which is reversible

USMLE STEP 1 (2 decks)

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