Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fundamentals > Oncology/ Death and Dying > Flashcards

Oncology/ Death and Dying Flashcards

1
Q

done with a local reoccurrence of cancer

A

salvage surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

done when the client is at high risk of developing cancer

A

prophylactic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

relieve uncomfortable symptoms or prolong life

A

palliative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

high energy ionizing radiation used to destroy cancer cells by disrupting cell function and division by alteration of DNA molecules

A

radiation therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

goal is to destroy malignant cells without permanently damaging healthy tissue

A

radiation therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

malignant cells are more sensitive to radiation

do not wash off the markings

A

external radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

brachytherapy

radioactive source that is implanted or placed on the tumor implanted inside the patient

A

internal radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

inserted in the body in a sealed container directly into the tumor body

A

sealed source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

you must use additional precautions for this type of therapy

A

unsealed sources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bone marrow suppression

A

myelosuppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

uses antineoplastic agents to treat cancer cells

A

chemotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

alkylating drugs and mitotic inhibitors interfere with the process of cell division

A

cytotoxic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

antineoplastic antibodies and antimetabolites

A

interfere with DNA and RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

used in treating cancers with hormone growth factor

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when treatment leaks into surrounding tissue

A

extravasation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

process of separating blood into components for later reinfusion

A

apheresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

autologous blood donation

A

self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

allogeneic blood donation

A

compatible donor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

syngeneic

A

identical twin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

uses biologic response modifiers to stimulate the bodys natural immune system to restrict and destroy cancer cells

A

immunotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

antigen injected into the client in hopes to stimulate an immune response to destroy malignant cells

A

nonspecific immunotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

tumor cells are injected into mice

A

monoclonal antibody immunotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

substances that immune system cells produce to enhance immune system

A

cytokines

24
Q

uses temps greater than 41.5 celcius or 106.7 F to destroy tumor cells

A

hyperthermia

25
Q

photoactive drug injected into client
porfimer/ Photofrin
laser activates the drug and destroys tumor

A

photodynamic therapy

26
Q

replaces altered genes with correct genes

A

gene therapy

27
Q

process that rids the body of cells that are no longer needed or defective in some way

A

apoptosis

28
Q

slow growing
arise from bronchi and bronchioles
METS to thorax and small bowel
25-35% or lung tumors

A

epidermoid or squamous cells

29
Q 
arise from peripheral bronchi
no defined growth patterns
bulky tumor mass
METS early to CNS
5-20% of lung tumors
A

large cell or undifferentiated

30
Q

arise from mucous glands
patchy growth
lead to malignant pleural effusion
25-35% or lung tumors

A

adenocarcinoma

31
Q

most malignant
arises from bronchi
hyper secretes antidiuretic hormone
METS to mediastinum, liver, bone, bone marrow, CNS, adrenal glands, pancreas, and other endocrine glands

A

small cell carcinoma or oat cell

32
Q

ALL
onset usually younger than 5, rarely over 15
increased lymphocytes, decreased RBC and platelets

A

acute lymphocytic leukemia

33
Q

CLL
onset usually older than 40
increased lymphocytes, normal or low RBC and platelets

A

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

34
Q

AML
decrease in myeloid formed cells (monocytes, granulocytes, RBC, and platelets)
occurs in all ages

A

acute myelogenous leukemia

35
Q

CML
same as AML but greater number of normal cells
onset is older than 20
genetic link

A

chronic myelogenous leukemia

36
Q

malignancy involving the plasma cells or B-lymphocyte cells in the bone marrow
poor prognosis, life expectancy 1-5 years

A

multiple myeloma

37
Q

age onset is 15-40 and then older than 55
has reed-Sternberg cells
orderly growth
more curable

A

hodgkins

38
Q 
thirty subtypes
peak after 50
b and t cell origins 
most common 
less curable
A

non-hodgkins

39
Q

most common type of brain tumor

A

glioma

40
Q

may arise from smoke or salty foods

A

stomach cancer

41
Q

rarely begins here

chemotherapy is the main treatment but palliative treatment may be used too

A

live cancer

42
Q

fatal

prognosis is usually less than a year

A

cancerof pancreas

43
Q

include pain, jaundice, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting

A

cancer in the head of the pancreas

44
Q

symptoms are GI bleed and back pain

A

cancer in the tail of the pancreas

45
Q

account for 3% of cancer
anemia, weakness, and weight loss.
gross hematuria and flank pain are late signs

A

kidney cancer

46
Q

occurs most often in men

50-70 years old

A

cancer of the bladder

47
Q

abnormal osteoblast or myeloblast that exhibit rapid and uncontrolled growth
around knee or distal femur or proximal fibula

A

bone cancer

48
Q

endometrial cells that migrate out of the uterus and attach to other organs in the pelvic cavity
considered benign uterine growth

A

endometriosis

49
Q

METS widely to the abdomen through the peritoneal fluid
mortality is high
no symptoms until cancer is well developed

A

ovarian cancer

50
Q

rare

can be caused by HPV or genital herpes

A

vulvar cancer and vaginal cancer

51
Q 
most common in men older than 50
third most common cause of cancer deaths in men
r/t diets high in fat
rectal exam done to determine 
elevated PSA
A

prostate cancer

52
Q

rare

occurs in uncircumcised men

A

cancer of the penis

53
Q

rapidly METS
between 18-40
involves sperm forming cells

A

cancer of the testes

54
Q

most common skin cancer
small, shiny grey or yellow plaque
slow grow, rarely METS
commonly reoccurs

A

basal cell carcinoma

55
Q

sun exposed areas
scaly, elevated lesion with irregular borders
shallow ulcerations
can MET through blood and lymph

A

squamous cell carcinoma

56
Q

arises from pre-existing moles

poor prognosis

A

malignant melanoma

Fundamentals (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions