oncology and neurology Flashcards
An oncologist is discussing the process of metastasis. Which information should the oncologist include? For metastasis to occur, tumor cells must be capable of:
surviving in the bloodstream
which statement made by the cancer patient indicates the need for more teaching? A major cause of cancer pain is:
cancer cells residing in lymph nodes
A nurse is teaching the staff about tissue loss in cancer wasting. Which information should the nurse include? A factor that contributes to the tissue loss in cancer wasting is:
the release of cytokines
The nurse is reviewing a patient’s laboratory report. Which finding correlates to the patient’s diagnosis of cervical cancer?
Human papilloma virus
what would the nurse expect to occur when a patient’s cancer is caused by mutations of a proto-oncogene?
increased cell division
Which of the following treatments to help cancer-related or chemotherapy-related anemia should the nurse discuss with the patient?
erythropoietin
Which symptom will surprise the nurse when assessing a patient with cachexia
heart murmur
A patient has chronic active hepatitis B infection. Which type of cancer should the nurse assess for in this patient?
liver
A patient with cancer has poor muscle functioning and fatigue. Which cytokines/inflammatory mediators does the nurse suspect is causing these problems.
tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1
A nurse is describing the process of metastasis. Which is necessary in order for metastasis to occur?
Decreased cell adhesions
While reviewing a patient’s health history, which finding will most alert the nurse to the possible development of a chronic subdural hematoma?
prior brain atrophy
The development of sensory and motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis is caused by:
immunologic and inflammatory demyelination of central nervous system neurons.
Which statement indicates that the nurse understands the different types of headaches? one classification of headaches is called:
cluster
A sign associated with classic cerebral concussion is:
loss of consciousness
A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Which information should the nurse include?
Impaired reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid occurs
A patient has Guillain-Barre. During the health history the nurse should ask about a history of:
respiratory viral infections
Which statement indicates that the nurse needs more teaching regarding the types of subdural hematoma? _____is a type of subdural hematoma.
intracerebral
A patient with a spinal cord injury (T6 level) reports a headache. The patient’s blood pressure is 296 systolic, and the patient is sweating. Which intervention is most appropriate?
check the patient’s bladder
A patient has a spinal cord tumor that originated within the neural tissues. What type of tumor is this called?
intramedullary
A patient has a vertebral disorder that involves a structural defect (often hereditary) that causes forward displacement of the affected vertebra. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart?
spondylolysis
The nurse is caring for a patient with myasthenia gravis. If either a myasthenic or cholinergic crisis occurs, the nurse should:
monitor for respiratory arrest
A patient developed a subdural hematoma within 12 hours of the injury. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart?
acute subdural hematoma
A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion?
spinal shock
During the assessment of a patient with meningitis, the nurse wants to test for nuchal rigidity. Which test will the nurse implement?
Kernig
A nurse is preparing a presentation on progressive neurological disorders. Which concept should be taught?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-degenerative disorder of both upper and lower motor neurons
A patient has a spinal cord tumor that is causing an irritative syndrome. What does this imply to the nurse?
The patient is experiencing compression symptoms plus radicular pain.
A patient with HIV has painful burning dysesthesias and paresthesias, especially in the extremities. What condition will the nurse see documented in the chart?
HIV neuropathy
Which intervertebral disks should the nurse assess first for herniation?
L4-S1
In a patient with an epirdural hematoma, the nurse recalls that bleeding occurs between the skull and:
dura mater
A patient’s forehead hit the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident. Which part of the brain received the coup injury?
frontal
