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Onc/ Breast / Derm - C.U > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Adjuvant therapy

A

Given after definitive treatment

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2
Q

Neo-adjuvant

A

given before the main treatment to shrink the cancer

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3
Q

Concurrent

A

Two or more cancer therapies given simultaneously

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4
Q

Time limit by which radiotherapy should be started.

A

10 days

few days if palliative

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5
Q

Early side effects of radiotherapy

A 
Fatigue 
pain 
oesophagitis 
pneumonitis 
skin reaction 
diarrhoea 
nausea 
cystitis 
raised ICP 
hair loss
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6
Q

Late SE of radiotherapy

A 
Fibrosis 
Stricture 
Osteonecrosis 
Fib fracture 
Secondary malignancy
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7
Q

When might emergency radiotherapy be used?

A

Spinal cord compression

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8
Q

What is radiosensitive chemo

A

Low dose given to increase the efficacy of radical radiotherapy

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9
Q

Chemo administered every ….

A

2-4 weeks to allow for blood count recovery

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10
Q

When is blood count lowest in chemo

A

2 weeks in

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11
Q

How many cycles usually

A

6 cycles - 5 m

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12
Q

2 conditions caused by chemo in bone marrow

A

Neutropenia

Thrombocytopenia

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13
Q

Skin changes with chemo - 2

A

hand and foot syndrome

rash

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14
Q

GI conditions caused by chemo - 3

A

Mucositis
N&V
Diarrhoea

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15
Q

Chemo and heart - 2

A

Heart failure

Angina / MI

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16
Q

Lungs and chemo

A

pulmonary fibrosis

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17
Q

Kidneys and chemo

A

Renal impairment

18
Q

Nerves and chemo

A

Peripheral neuropathy

Hearing loss

19
Q

triad of neutropenic sepsis

A

neutropenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia

20
Q

in which cancers is neutropenic sepsis more common

A

lymphoma / leukaemia

21
Q

neutropenia definition =

A

neutrophil count <1.0

22
Q

sepsis 6

A 
ABG - lactate 
IV Abx - Tax / Gent, Mero + Vanc 
Blood cultures 
Urine output 
IVF 
Oxygen

Consider inotropic support early

23
Q

How would hypersensitivity reaction to chemo present

A 
Fever 
Hypotension 
Tachy
Low SpO2 
Wheese 
oro-pharnygeal oedema
24
Q

Manage hypersensitivity reaction to chemo

A 
Stop infusion  
O2 
IV fluid stat 
Anti-histamine - 10mg chlorephinramine 
IV steroid - hyrocortisone 200mg 
Adrenaline 0.5ml of 1:1000 IM
25
Q

Risk factors for tumour lysis syndrome - 4

A

Treatment of bulky chemosensitive tumours
Any use of anti-cancer therapy
Pre-exisiting renal impairement
Malignant biochem abnormalities

26
Q

TLS diagnosis (5)

A 
Hyperuricaemia 
Hyperkalaemia 
Hyperphospataemia 
Hypocalcaemia 
Renal failure
27
Q

Drug used to prevent TLS

A

Allopurinol

28
Q

Scale used to measure fitness in oncology

A

ECOG
0 = fully active
5 = deceased

29
Q

When to refer using suspected lung cancer pathway referral (2)

A

CXR findings suggest lung cancer

Aged 40+ and have unexplained haemoptysis

30
Q

Urgent (2 weeks) CXR in 40+ if…

A

2+ unexplained symptoms
/ smoke +1 US

  • cough
  • fatigue
  • SOB
  • Chest pain
  • Weight loss
  • Appetite loss
31
Q

Fitness investigations for possible treatments

1) Surgery
2) Chemo
3) Radio

A

1) lung and cardiac
2) renal and liver
3) ability to lie flat and pacemaker

32
Q

staging of lung cancer

A

thorax and abdomen VT with contrast

Then bronchoscopy and biopsy

33
Q

Important social Hx in context of lung cancer

A

Smoking
Alcohol
Occupation
FH

34
Q

How quickly is an MR needed if

  • MSCC suspected
  • bony mets suspected but no compression
A

24hrs

1 weeks

35
Q

Treatment of SCC

A 
Nursed flat 
High dose dex (16mg orally BD) + PPI 
Opioid analgesia 
Catheter
Neurosurgical discussion 
Radiotherapy considered
36
Q

Investigations pre surgery for SCC

A

CXR

CT thorax and abdo

37
Q

Treatment for acute hypercalcaemia

A

rehydration (3-4L per day) + Zolendronic acid

38
Q

Tamoxifen mech of action

A

selective oestrogen receptor modulator

39
Q

Aromatase inhibitors mechanism of action and what can they cause as a SE

A

prevent androgen - oestrogen conversion

Osteoporosis

40
Q

4 causes of hypercalcaemia in oncology patients

A

paraneoplastic syndrome
osteolytic tumours
tumours producing vit D
metastatic bone disease

41
Q

Presentation of hypercalacaemia

A 
confusion 
hypertension 
bone pain 
renal stones 
abdo pain 
N&amp;V 
polyuria 
psychiatric overtones
42
Q

The information given to people with suspected cancer and their families and/or carers should cover, among other issues:

A

1) Where the person is being referred to.
2) How long they will have to wait for the appointment.
3) How to obtain further information about the type of cancer suspected or help before the specialist appointment.
4) What to expect from the service the person will be attending.
5) What type of tests may be carried out, and what will happen during diagnostic procedures.
6) How long it will take to get a diagnosis or test results.
7) Whether they can take someone with them to the appointment.
8) Who to contact if they do not receive confirmation of an appointment.
9) Other sources of support.

Onc/ Breast / Derm - C.U (3 decks)

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