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Peds > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

What is neutropenia

A

you don’t have a fully functioning immune system + low WBCs

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2
Q

Nursing care Neutropenia

A

neutropenic precautions, no rectal temps, watch for infection

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3
Q

Patient education for neutropenia

A

hold vaccines till 6-12 months, teach s&s of infection

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4
Q

Prognostic factors in cancer

A

Type of malignancy, age at diagnosis, primary site, extent of disease, biologic/ genetic markers

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5
Q

What is Tumor Lysis Syndrome

A

During treatment, tumor cells lyse and uric acid, phosphorus and potassium levels increase, and calcium levels decrease

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6
Q

Patients at risk for TLS

A

Burkett’s lymphoma, ALL, AML

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7
Q

Management of TLS

A

frequent labs, hydration, diuretics, electrolyte supplements, allopurinol

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8
Q

Cause of TLS

A

Induction of chemo treatment

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9
Q

Nursing care of bone marrow aspiration

A

give sedation and pain meds, comfort items, non-pharmacologic pain management, watch for infection and complications

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10
Q

Patient education of bone marrow aspiration

A

what will happen during the procedure, signs and symptoms of infection

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11
Q

Initial CBCs in ALL

A

WBCs- increased
Hgb- decreased
Platelets- decreased
Neutrophils- decreased
Blast cells- present

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12
Q

IVF in initial ALL treatment

A

1.5x maintenance fluid, allopurinol (uric acid buildup)

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13
Q

Why do we give intrathecal chemo?

A

Blood brain barrier prevents chemo from entering the CNS

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14
Q

Types of brain tumors

A

Supratentorial and infratentorial

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15
Q

Priorities of care for brain tumor patients

A

Surgery, chemo, neuro exam, safety, ABCs, explaining procedures at the correct level

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16
Q

Supratentorial brain tumor s&s- do not study for exam 3

A

increased ICP, vision changes, headache, emesis, change in behavior, school difficulties, seizures, Parinaud’s Syndrome (paralysis of upward gaze)

17
Q

Infratentorial brain tumor s&s- do not study for exam 3

A

ataxia, head tilt, nystagmus, cranial nerve palsy, increased ICP, morning emesis, back pain, loss of bladder, bowel function

18
Q

Brain tumor treatment

A

neuro exam, safety, chemo, surgery

19
Q

Hodgkins disease- s&s and risk factors

A

Peaks in adolescence
Males more than females
cervical lymphadenopathy (Painless, rubbery, firm, movable node)
fatigue, loss of appetite

20
Q

Hodgkins “B” symptoms

A

fever higher than 38, unintentional weight loss greater than 10% body weight in 6 months, drenching night sweats

21
Q

Mucositis & N/V: signs and causes

A

mouth ulcers, emesis (caused by chemo, radiation)
N/V can be anticipatory, delayed or chronic

22
Q

Why do we give more than one chemo drug?

A

Chemotherapy is specific to the cell cycle, so you need more than one to address the whole cycle

23
Q

Mucositis and N/V care

A

Bland diet, soft toothette, frequent mouth rinses, local anesthetic, pain and symptom control, premedicate and continue to medicate

24
Q

Nursing care of kids with mediastinal masses

A

watch respiratory status, comfortable positioning, TLS, anesthesia

25
Q

Care of kids receiving radiation therapy

A

Hgb is 10 or more, dressings are clean, premeds, lotions, no restrictive clothing, watch for mucositis, watch skin in general

26
Q

Wilms/ Neuroblastoma assessment

A

Respiratory difficulty, Fatigue, Fever, Periorbital Ecchymosis (“racoon eyes”), “Blueberry Spots”, Opsoclonis- Myoclonis, Horner’s syndrome

27
Q

Wilms/ Neuroblastoma nursing care

A

Watch respiratory status, Abdominal girth, Palpation, Monitor BP, Watch urine output

28
Q

Why are some cancers treated with chemo first vs. surgery and vice versa?

A

Depends on location- If you have a brain tumor for example, you don’t have the luxury of waiting for it to shrink, surgery first; Wilms- radiation to shrink, then surgery

29
Q

Ewings Sarcoma signs and symptoms

A

*Affects long, flat bones (pelvis, vertebrae)
*Presents in children ages 10-25
*Presenting symptoms: pain, activity intolerance
*Prognosis: 50-70% (if mets, 20%)
*Treatment: surgery, Radiation, chemo

30
Q

Cell cycle specific chemo

A

chemotherapies disrupt specific specific parts of the cancer cell cycle

Peds (4 decks)

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