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MRCP > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Carcinogen and associated cancer

  1. Alfatoxin
  2. Analine dyes
  3. Asbestos
  4. Nitrosamines
  5. Vinyl chloride
A
  1. Hepatocellular carcinoma
  2. Bladder transitional cell carcinoma
  3. Mesothelioma and bronchial carcinoma
  4. Oesophageal & gastric cancer
  5. Hepatic angiosarcoma
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2
Q

Cyclophosphamide
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism = alkylating agent. Cross links DNA
(cyclo”cross”phamide)

Adverse = haemorrhagic cystitis, transitional cell carcinoma, myelosuppression
(cyclo”piss”phamide)

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3
Q

Bleomycin
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism = Degrades preformed DNA

Adverse = Lung fibrosis

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4
Q

Anthracyclines (e.g. doxorubicin)
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism = Stabilise DNA topoisomerase II complex –> inhibition of DNA + RNA synthesis

Adverse effects = Cardiomyopathy

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5
Q

Methotrexate
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism = inhibits dihydrofolate reductase anf thymidylate synthesis

Adverse = lung/liver fibrosis, myelosuppression, mucositis

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6
Q 
Aromatase inhibitor
Examples?
Mechanism?
Used in?
Adverse effects?
A

E.g. anastrazole, letrozole
Mechanism = reduced peripheral oestrogen synthesis
Use = oestrogen receptor +ve breast cacer

Adverse effects

  • Osteoporosis
  • Hot flushes
  • Arthralgia, myalgia, insomnia
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7
Q

Selective oestrogen receptor modulators
Example?
Used in?
Adverse effects?

A

E.g. tamoxifen

Use = Oestrogen receptor +ve breast cancer

Adverse effects

  • Menstrual abnormalities
  • Hot flushes
  • VTE
  • Endometrial cancer
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8
Q

Irinotecan
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

DNA topoisomerase I inhibition –> inability of coiled DNA to relax

Adverse effect = myelosuppression

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9
Q

Cisplatin
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism = DNA cross linking

Adverse effects = Ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, low magnesium

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10
Q

Hydroxyurea
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism =

Adverse effects =

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11
Q

Docetaxel
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism =

Adverse effects =

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12
Q

Vincristine/vinblastine
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism =

Adverse effects =

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13
Q

Fluorouracil (5-FU)
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism =

Adverse effects =

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14
Q

6-mercaptopurine
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism =

Adverse effects =

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15
Q

Cytarabine
Mechanism?
Adverse effects?

A

Mechanism =

Adverse effects =

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MRCP (6 decks)

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