OMS III Midterm Extra Flashcards
Why should you refer to a Massage Therapist?
- swedish massage for hypertonicity
- lymphatic massage for edema
Rolfing –> 10 step approach to align structures
Acupuncture
- physicians don’t need formal certification, otherwise needs 1200 hrs
- body releases healing mediators to needle placement (neurochemical response)
- headache, allergies, cramps, nausea, pain
Speech Language Pathologist
- difficulty producing speech, trouble understanding others (spoken/written issues)
- trouble with social communication, issues paying attention or organizing thoughts
- also issues with SWALLOWING
Yoga
- lifestyle change –> may be difficult for patients
- commonly used for hypertonicity and scoliosis
- Feldenkrais: gentle movement and directed attention to help people learn new effective ways of living with their bodies
Occupational Therapy
Goal: dec. cost of health care by adapting environment or task to fit the person
- help old people function, help kids and adults with serious mental deficits, reduce pain at work, rehab to help disability
Physical Therapy
- movement experts that optimize quality of life through exercise, hands-on care, and patient education
- strengthen muscles and tone, help with sports injuries, functional improvement in activities of daily living
Chiropractor
- manipulation of MSK system, mainly spine
- for patients needing frequent treatment (2-3x wk)
- low back pain, radiculopathy, whiplash, neck pain, extremity disfunctions
What is the Apprehension Test and what does a positive test indicate?
- abduct shoulder to 90, flex elbow to 90, externally rotate shoulder
(+) –> apprehension (Glenohumeral Instability)
What is the Empty Can Test and what does a positive test indicate?
- flex shoulder to 90, horizontally abduct 45, IR; press arms down against resistance
(+) –> pain/weakness (Supraspinatus/Rot. Cuff)
What is the Drop Arm Test and what does a positive test indicate?
- abduct arm to 90, slowly drop arm
+) –> arm drops w/wrist tap (Full Thickness Supraspinatus tear
What is the Painful Arc Test and what does a positive test indicate? (2)
- abduct arm starting at side
+) –> pain between 60-120 (subacromial impingement or rotator cuff injury
What is Neer Impingement and what does a positive test indicate? (2)
- pronate forearm, passively flex shoulder to full flexed
+) –> pain (subacromial impingement or rotator cuff impingement
What is Hawkins Test and what does a positive test indicate? (2)
- flex shoulder to 90, flex elbow to 90, internally rotate shoulder
(+) –> pain (rotator cuff or subacromial bursa impingement)
What is Cross Arm Test and what does a positive test indicate?
- passively adduct arm across chest
+) –> pain in AC joint (AC joint pathology
AL 1 Counterstrain Point
- medial to ASIS (F STRA)
- doc ipsilateral side, bring ankles/knees TOWARDS doc
AL 2 Counterstrain Point
- medial to AIIS (F SART)
- doc opposite side, bring ankles/knees TOWARDS doc (Rot > SB)
AL 3 Counterstrain Point
AL 4 Counterstrain Point
AL 3 - lateral to AIIS, AL 4 - inferior to AIIS (F SART)
- doc opposite side, bring ankles/knees TOWARDS doc
AL 5 Counterstrain Point
- lateral to pubic symphysis (F SARA)
- doc same side, flex hip to 135, bring knees TOWARDS doc and ankles AWAY from doc
How does Inhibition, Sacral Rocking, and Sacral Inhibition affect nervous stimulation?
Inhibition - DECREASES stimulation from whichever division of the NS you are inhibiting
Rocking - INCREASES parasympathetic stimulation
Inhibition - DECREASES parasympathetic stimulation
What are located at these Anterior Chapman’s Points?
- 2nd ICS (4)
- 3rd ICS
- 4th ICS
- 5th ICS (2)
- 6th ICS (2)
- 7th ICS (2)
- esophagus, bronchus, thyroid, myocardium
- upper lung
- lower lung
- stomach acidity (L) and liver (R)
- stomach peristalsis (L) and gallbladder (R)
- spleen (L) and pancreas (R)
What are located at these Anterior Chapmans Points?
- 2.5” above, 1” lateral to umbilicus
- 1” above, 1” lateral to umbilicus
- immediately superior to umbilicus
- lateral pubic symphysis (2)
- inferior pubic ramus
- adrenals
- kidneys
- bladder
- ovaries and urethra
- uterus
What are located at these Posterior Chapmans Points?
- T2/T3 transverse processes (3)
- T3 transverse processes (superior)
- T3 transverse processes (inferior)
- T4 transverse processes
- T5 transverse processes (2)
- T6 transverse processes (3)
- T7 transverse processes (2)
- T8-T10 transverse processes
- T11 transverse processes
- T12 and L1 transverse processes
- L2 transverse processes
- esophagus, bronchus, thyroid
- upper lung
- upper extremity
- lower lung
- stomach acidity (L) and liver (R)
- stomach peristalsis (L), liver (R), gallbladder (R)
- spleen (L) and pancreas (R)
- small intestines
- adrenals
- kidneys
- abdomen/bladder
Psoas Major Counterstrain Point
- 2/3 from ASIS to midline (DEEP) (F ST)
- doc same side, foot on table
Iliacus Counterstrain Point
- medial ASIS (DEEP) (F ER)
- doc same side, foot on table
- frog leg pt.
Low Ilium Counterstrain Point
- superior pubic ramus (F)
- doc same side, flex knee/hip > 90
Inguinal Ligament Counterstrain Point
- lateral pubic tubercle
- doc same side, foot on table, flex hip to 90 then pull contralateral ankle towards doc
High Ilium Flare Out Counterstrain Point
- lateral ILA (E ADD)
- doc contralateral, extend leg and adduct with external rotation
Piriformis Counterstrain Point
- halfway from ILA to greater trochanter (F ABD ER)
- doc same side, flex hip to 135, abduct and externally rotate by lifting knee
OMM Researchers
- Louisa Burns
- Wilbur Cole
- John Denslow
- Irvin Korr
- William Johnston
- investigate SD on animal models, viscerosomatic reflexes and physiology of nervous system to palpatory findings
- reproduced Louisa’s research, internal validation
- use scientific instruments and measurements to validate OS findings (EMG for SD on reflexes/ANS)
- facilitated segment, emotional states inc. sympathetic tone
- best inter-examiner reliability studies. simplify recording methods and palpatory procedures
What are 4 challenges to OMM research?
- objective findings only appreciated by subjective experience
- variability in skill of OMM application
- resources required
- randomized control trials work well for small # of variables
OMM Research: Clinical Outcomes
- Acute Otitis Media
- Lower Extremity Wound Healing
- Chronic Sinusitis
- faster middle ear effusion (resolution) - efficacy
- OMT helped with edema, reduced trend of wound growth in pts with venous stasis ulcers
- direct sinus/drainage techniques improved pain and congestion
OMM Research: Inter-Examiner Reliability
- Lumbar Spinous Process Palpation
- Pneumonia in the Elderly
- accuracy depends on experience, anatomical abnormalities, participant characteristics
- more landmarks = inc. accuracy
- reduction of length of stay and dec. in-hospital mortality
OMM Research: Safety and Tolerance
- 3rd Trimester OMT
- Rib Raising in Hospital Patients
- safe w/regard to deliver and labor outcomes
- longer durations of labor but high-risk status dec.
- well tolerated in majority of study patients
OMM Research: Cost Effectiveness of OMM
- Preterm Infants
- Post-op Ileus
- dec. length of stay and costs in large preterm population (systemic review)
- dec. length of stay, time to flatus; should do future studies (retrospective)
