OMM - Cervical DX

Question 1

Composed of three parts: Superior longitudinal band, Transverse ligament of atlas, Inferior longitudinal band

Answer 1

Cruciate (Cross) ligament

Question 1

Posterior scalene

Answer 1

Origin on the lateral tubercles of the cervical spine C3-C5 and insert on the SECOND rib.

Question 2

Transverse from the lateral tubercles of the cervical spine C3-C5 and insert on the first rib. Act as lateral stabilizers and sidebend the neck to the same side.

Answer 2

Anterior and Middle Scalene. - Accessory muscle of respiration (elevate 1st rib)

Question 2

SCM -Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 2

Dividing boundary between anterior and posterior triangle. Innervated by spinal accessory nerve.LEFT SCM rotates head to right, RIGHT SCM rotates head to the LEFT.

Question 3

C2-C4 Main Motion/Sidebending and Rot’n

Answer 3

Rotation/Same sides

Question 4

Intermediate posterior muscles of the cervical spine

Answer 4

Splenius cervicis, Splenius capitus. The prime muscles of extension for the head

Question 5

Strong bundles of fibrous tissue. Attachs on the superior aspect of the odontoid process and attachs to the medial aspect of the occipital condyles

Answer 5

Alar Ligaments

Question 6

pure rotation no sidebending

Answer 6

C1/C2 Atlas-Axis

Question 6

Occiput on Atlas reveals restriction in right lateral translation in the extended position. What is your diagnosis?

Answer 6

Right lateral translation causes – left sidebending (which is restricted) therefore it is freer in right sidebending. Restriction in extension also means it is freer in flexion. We know the OA sidebends and rotates in OPPOSITE directions. So OA is FRLSR.

Question 6

Fryette Principle #1

Answer 6

When the spine is inneutral position, sidebending and rotation occur in opposite directinos. GINO - Group, One, Neutral, Opposite.

Question 7

the “YES” joint

Answer 7

C0-C1 (occiput-atlas)

Question 8

Strong supportive lateral joints of C2 through C7. These joints restrict sidebending. Reduce the risk of herniated nucleus pulposus in the cervical region

Answer 8

Joints of Lushka (uncinate process)

Question 9

C4 Dermatome

Answer 9

Clavicle and medial shoulder

Question 10

Extends from tectorial membrane (occipital-axial ligament) at the base of the skull to each vertebrae and finally to the sacrum. Wider in the upper cervical spine it narrows in the lower cervicals – vulnerable to disc herniation as it moves inferior.

Answer 10

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 11

8th cervical nerve exits…

Answer 11

below C7

Question 12

C5-C7 Main Motion/Sidebending and Rot’n

Answer 12

Sidebending/Same sides

Question 13

Innervated by the spinal assessory nerve CN 11. Stabilizes and elevates the scapula

Answer 13

Trapezius

Question 15

The integrity of this ligament is essential to prevent catastrophic damage to the spinal cord. Rupture can occur in a weakened state from: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Down’s syndrome, trauma.

Answer 15

Transverse ligament

Question 17

The ligaments of the C- Spine

Answer 17

Anterior Longitudinal ligament, Posterior Longitudinal ligament, Ligamentum flava, Supraspinus and interspinous ligaments, Alar ligaments

Question 18

C2 Dermatome

Answer 18

Ears

Question 19

Originates from the transverse process of the atlas, axis and 3rd, 4th cervical vertebrae and inserts on the upper medial border of the scapula.

Answer 19

Levator Scapulae. Elevates the medial scapula and rotates it medially.

Question 20

AA Main Motion/Sidebending and Rot’n

Answer 20

Rotation/Opposite Sides

Question 22

atypical vertebral bodies. Their articulations (motion) are also considered atypical.

Answer 22

C1 (Atlas) and C2 (Axis)

Question 22

C3 Dermatome

Answer 22

Jaw and Neck

Question 24

Major source of blood for the cervical spine. Travels through the transverse foramen. Both sides join to form the basilar artery. Can become occluded by a thrombosis.

Answer 24

Verebral Artery

Question 25

OA Main Motion/Sidebending and Rot’n

Answer 25

Flexion and Ext’n/Opposite sides

Question 26

Fryette Principle #3

Answer 26

When motion is introduced in one plane it will modify (reduce) motion in the other two planes.

Question 27

Pain is constant, dull, 4/10, worse with right rotation. + ttp of the left cervical transverse process at C4. Translation to the left (sidebending to the right) is restricted in flexion.

Answer 27

Dx: C4ERSL

Question 29

C5 dermatome

Answer 29

Deltoid, Shoulder

Question 30

Fryette Principle #2

Answer 30

When the spine is flexed or extended sidebending and rotation occur in the same direction. Single segment.

Question 31

Anterior muscles of the C-spine AKA strap muscles

Answer 31

Scalenes , SCM, Platysma, Hyoid, Longus colli, Longus capitis

Question 32

Atypical Mechanics of C0/C1 Occiput-Atlas

Answer 32

rotate and sidebend opposite with flexion or extension

Question 33

Gross cervical Ranges of Motion

Answer 33

Flexion/extension 130 degrees, SB (lateral flexion) 35 & 35 deg, Rotation 80-90 degrees R & L

Question 34

Vertebral-Basilar Artery Problem Symptoms

Answer 34

DO NOT PERDORM OMM, Get an X-Ray. Malaise and Nausea, Vomiting, Dizziness/vertigo, Incoordination, Visual disturbance, Severe HA’s, Dysarthia

Question 35

Anterior aspect of vetebral bodies which extends from the atlas to the sacrum. Attaches superiorly to the anterior arch of the atlas and the anterior atlanto-occipital membrane.

Answer 35

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament