OME - obgyn

Question 1

What is the difference between gestational hypertension and mild pre-eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

Answer 1

Both Gestational HTN and Pre-E are defined as a BP over 140/80.
mild Pre-E = proteinuria more than 300 ng/dL
severe Pre-E = BP > 160/110 and proteinuria > 5 g/dL
Eclampsia = sever Pre-E plus seizures

Question 2

What are the tumor markers used in various ovarian Germ Cell tumors?

Answer 2

Dysgerminomas = LDH
Ovarian Endometrial sinus (yolk sac tumor) = AFP
Teratoma = no tumor marker
Choriocarcinoma = beta-HCG

Question 3

Which ovarian germ cell tumor is most sensitive to chemotherapy?

Answer 3

Dysgerminomas

Question 4

How to diagnose, stage, treat and track ovarian epithelial cell tumor?

Answer 4

Diagnose with transvaginal ultrasound
Stage with CT scan
Treat with Total Abdominal Histerectomy and Bilateral Oophorectomy AND Paclitaxel
Track with CA-125

Question 5

How to treat ovarian germ cell tumor?

Answer 5

Unilateral oophorectomy

not malignant

Question 6

What hormones do Stroma cell tumors produce?

Answer 6

Granulosa-theca = estrogen
Sertoli-Leydig = testasterone

Question 7

Transvaginal ultrasound shows
smooth small ovary with no septations
vs
large septations and loculations

Answer 7

Smooth Small ovary with no septations = simple cyst (benign if menarchal age group 11-51)
Large Septation and Loculations = Complex cyst (germ cell or epithelial tumor)

Question 8

Options for treatment of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 8

Salpingostomy (removal of zygote only) = use if NO rupture
Salpingectomy (removal of tube) = if RUPTURE
Methotrexate with leucovorin rescue = early pregnancy (beta HCG less than 5000, gestational size less than 3 cm, no fetal heart tones)