Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgery > OME - Gen Surg > Flashcards

OME - Gen Surg Flashcards

1
Q

When does a pancreatic pseudocyst appear?

Why is it named this way?

A

Late sequelae of pancreatitis

No endothelial lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why would you order a UA if a pt has malignant hyperthermia?

A

Look for myoglobinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you treat Anal cancer?

A

Nigro protocol (chemo/radiation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes SBO?

Symptoms?

A

Adhesions or hernias

Colicky ABD pain w/progressive distention of the ABD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What things cause Fistulas?

A 
FRIEND
Foreign body
Radiation
Inflammation/infection/IBD
Epithelization
Neoplasm
Distal obstruction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes boring epigastric pain radiating to the back which is relieved by leaning forward?

Caused by what?

A

Acute pancreatitis

Gallstones and EtOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an abscess of an infected follicle found on the small of the back of a hair butt called?

A

Pilonidal cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Post op pt w/SOB and some chest pain that is pleuritic and sudden onset dyspnea think what?

What other signs may be present?

A

PE

ABG w/Hypoxic hypocapnia
S1Q3T3 EKG
Clear CXR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a treatment for PSC?

A

Ursodeoxycholic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the definitive tx for anal fissures?

What about initial treatment?

A

Lateral internal sphincterotomy

Topical lidocaine, sitz baths, Botox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Casts in the urine in a post op pt indicate what?

A

Had Pyelonephritis BEFORE surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When how to treat pancreatic pseudocyst?

A

If < 6 cm and < 6 weeks old —

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of pain does obstruction cause?

How does perforation present?

A

Colicky

Sudden onset, vague, persistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you treat compartment syndrome of the ABD?

A

Leave ABD open (cover w/temporary absorbable mesh), let swelling go down and closes later

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bilirubin in the 20’s means what?

In the 6-8?

A

Cancer

Cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pt comes in w/SBO and it is non-toxic what is the 1st step?

A

NG tube
IVF
Serial ABD exams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you diagnose a pt w/choledocolithiasis that has probably passed a stone?

A

Serial LFTs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 5 W’s of Post-Op fever?

A 
Wind
Water
Walking
Wound
Wonder drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the best prognostic indicator for pulmonary risk in surgery?

Next?

What is the most important factor?

A

FEV1/FVC ratio

ABG

Ventilation > O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In evaluation of jaundice, after the PE, what is the next step?

A

US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pt w/dyspnea, ascites, early satiety and pancreatitis has what?

Dx how?

A

Pancreatic pseudocyst

CT scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Painful jaundice w/dilated biliary tree, no obstruction stone means what?

A

Cholelithiasis (gall stones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pt w/obstructive jaundice and/or pancreatitis what test to do first?

A

MRCP then ERCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When does Atelectasis occur in post op fever?

Diagnose how?

Prophylax how?

A

1st day

CXR, maybe UA and BCx

Incentive Spirometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
How is malnutrition identified?
Loss of Body Weight > 20% in a Fe months Albumin < 3 A nervy to skin Ags
26
When does UC turn malignant? How often do you need to watch it w/colonoscopy?
> 8 years Q1yr
27
Ulcer located above the medial malleolus, what condition does the pt have? Skin appears how? Treat how?
Venous insufficiency Edematous, infuriated, hyperpigmented Compression stockings
28
Obstructive jaundice causes elevation in what?
Conjugated bilirubin
29
Post op delirium can be caused by what? Simple fix? What else?
Hypoxia - give O2 Electrolyte imbalance and hypoglycemia
30
Pt went to Mexico and has a liver abscess, what is the cause?
E. Histolytica
30
When should a sentinel LN dissection be performed?
BEFORE ALND
32
What is a common cause of paralytic ileus? Dx how?
Hypokalemia Upright and flat KUB
32
Elderly sedentary pts who become immobilized after surgery are at risk for what? What does this mean? Dx how?
Ogilvie Syndrome ONLY the colon is dilated KUB
34
When does Wound infection occur in post op fever? Diagnose how? Prophylax how?
Day 7 US Good closure and wound care
34
Low urine output post-op means what? Do what 1st? If the urine output improves this means what? If not?
Prerenal or Intrinsic Renal Failure 500cc bolus challenge Dehydrated (pre-renal cause) - give IVF Intrinsic renal problem
34
What are the 2 main types of treatment for breast cancer?
Lumpectomy + ALND + Radiotherapy Mastectomy + ALND
36
How do you Dx cholangiocarcinoma?
ERCP w/Bx
37
Pts w/BRCA 1/2 gene should get what prophylacticlly? If they don’t when should they get screened? Who else needs this type of screening?
Mastectomy and b/L Salpingo-oophorectomy Annual MRI and Mammogram Pts w/PMHx of Hodgkin Lymphoma
39
Pt w/Ogilvie syndrome, after you have the KUB what should you do? Treat how?
Colonoscopy to r/o cancer Decompress ABD and leave rectal tube in place
39
Fever, leukocytosis, Hamman’s Crunch with prolonged retching = ? Diagnose how?
Boerhaave syndrome Gastrograffin 1st
41
When does DVT/PE occur in post op fever? Diagnose how? Prophylax how?
Day 5 Exam 2 cm greater on 1 leg compared to the other US Early mobilization and heparin
41
Femoral hernias pass through what?
Under inguinal ligament
41
Incarcerated hernia means what? Treatment?
Irreducible Urgent surgery
42
What is included in the Child-Pugh score? If any 1 is abnormal, it means what?
Ascites, Albumin, Bilirubin, Encephalopathy, INR 40% mortality risk
43
What presents w/FOBT+ but with a Negative Colonoscopy? Diagnose how? Then what?
Ampulla of Vater cancer MRCP, then ERCP/EUS CT scan to stage
44
What is the worst prognostic indicator of the Goldman Index? What else?
JVD MI w/in 6 mo, arrhythmia, age > 70
44
When does a pancreatic abscess appear? Diagnose how? Treatment?
5th day, CT scan Percutaneous drainage
44
What does a + HIDA scan show?
Unfilled tracer in the gallbladder due to obstruction
46
Does doxorubicin or Trastuzumab cause reversible CHF?
Trastuzumab
47
No urine output post op is NOT concerning until when?
6+ Hours
47
A thin walled, dilated GB walls free of inflammation w/Distal obstruction means what?
Cancer
48
Post op pt w/constantly decreasing urine volume, what is the best next step?
Assess w/fluid challenge
49
Zero urine output post op means what? Do what?
Mechanical obstruction or post-renal failure Unkind the CATH
50
What causes crescendo ABD pain that becomes constant and localized? Etiology?
Inflammation Pyelonephritis, cholecystitis
51
Acute ABD where there are + peritoneal findings, what is the next step? What will show + peritoneal findings? What will you see?
Ex-LAP Upright XRay Free AIR under the diaphragm
52
What is the best measure of acute pancreatitis? What is the single most USEFUL prognostic lab test?
Lipase BUN
54
Post op a pt feels the need to void but cannot, what is the next step?
In and Out CATH after 6 hours of no voiding
55
What chemo drugs can cause CHF?
Doxorubicin causes DOSE-dependent Trastuzumab
56
What are the only things that can put AST/ALT into the 1000’s?
``` Acetaminophen OD Acute viral hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis Shock Liver (HoTN ischemia) Budd-Chiari Afla-Toxin ```
58
What is pathognomonic for pancreatic cancer?
Migratory thrombophlebitis
60
What 2 things are contraindicative for non-cardiac surgery?
EF < 35% | MI w/in 6 months
61
When is a Nissan Fundoplication used to treat GERD?
After 24-hour pH probe is +
62
1st step in evaluation of jaundice? What generally means cancer? What about cholecystitis?
PE Palpable NT gallbladder Tender gallbladder (+ Murphy sign)
63
Pt w/ulcer at the tip of their toes think of what? Seen in what condition? Diagnose with what 1st? If + do what? Treat how?
Arterial insufficiency Peripheral vascular disease US Doppler CT Angiogram Cilostazol
65
On imaging if you see the entire bowel decompressed, what is the Dx? Tx?
SBO NG tube, Surgery
67
What is the treatment for an acute episode of cholecystitis?
Cholecystectomy
68
How do you diagnose pancreatic cancer? Treatment?
EUS w/Biopsy Whipped procedure
69
When and how often should women be screened for breast cancer? What is the best screen?
Mammogram 40 y/o, q2 yr MRI
70
What causes flank pain radiating to the groin and the UA shows no hematuria, there is no mass?
Nephrolithiasis
72
Thick-walled rigid GB means what?
Chronic inflammation - cholecystitis
73
What causes a progressive dysphasia that is often preceded by GERD?
Cancer of esophagus
74
Post op if both the skin and fascia fail after a pt strains means what? What can happen? Treatment?
Evisceration Bowel pops out Cover w/warm saline go to OR
77
Pt with ulcers that are ugly, deep, and have heaped margins that do not heal has what? Treat how?
Marjolin’s Ulcer (SCC) Biopsy, then wide excision
78
Suspected choledocolithiasis what is the best step? Next?
US MRCP —> ERCP to treat
79
When does UTI occur in post op fever? Diagnose how? Prophylax how?
Day 3 UA and UCx Can’t
80
A CT scan to diagnose a PE would be indicated if the pt met Wells criteria, what is included in this?
SOB Tachypnea Tachycardic Clinical evidence
82
When is an EGD performed in pts with GERD?
PPI trial fails | Alarm symptoms present
83
A paralytic ileus that hasn’t resolved by day 5-7 post-op what is the next step? Will see what? Treatment?
Flat and upright KUB Dilated loops of bowel and Air-fluid Levels w/decompressed bowel beyond the obstruction Back to OR
84
Premenopausal woman w/ER/PR+ breast cancer treat with what? Postmenopausal?
Tamoxifen/Raloxifen Anastrozole (Aromatase inhibitor)
85
When does PNA occur in post op fever? Diagnose how? Prophylax how? Treat how
2nd day CXR Incentive Spirometry Give Vanco/Zosyn bc it is a HOSPITAL Acquire PNA
86
What causes perforation of the ABD?
PUD Cancer Trauma
87
When does Abscess occur in post op fever? Diagnose how? Prophylax how?
2 weeks CT scan Do good surgery
90
When do you use an IVC filter for a PE?
If there is a CI to anticoagulation
92
What is the only way to get an acute onset of elevated UNconjugated bilirubin? Diagnose how?
Hemolysis Blood smear
94
Skin that is intact but the fascia has failed is what? Treatment?
Dehiscence Bind the ABD, limit mvmt
97
Direct hernias pass through what structure? Lateral or medial to inferior epigastric vessels?
Transversalis fascia Medial
98
What kind of pts are at high risk to get SBP of the ABD? What confirms diagnosis? Treatment?
Alcoholics —> ascites Paracentesis w/250 polys Ceftraixone
105
How to treat acute pancreatitis?
IVF NPO Morphine That’s it, you can’t do anything
106
What causes sudden onset of ABD POOP to the PE? Etiology?
Ischemia of visceral organs CAD, AFib, Mesenteric ischemia
109
What is a pyogenic abscess? Complication of what? Treat how?
Bacterial abscess in the liver Ascending cholangitis Percutaneous drainage
110
Right-sided cancers ____ while left-sided cancers ______ | Of the colon
Bleed | Obstruct
112
When do you give Abx for pancreatitis? What kind?
FNA-proven infection —> Necrotizing pancreatitis Meropenem
119
Pt that presents w/chronic pain, DM, steatorrhea, and malabsorption has what? Treat how?
Chronic pancreatitis Can’t do anything, just treat the pain
120
What is the 1st test done for SBO? Then what?
KUB CT or small bowel series

Surgery (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions