Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > OME > Flashcards

OME Flashcards

1
Q

Complex febrile seizure have what characteristics?

Treatment?

A

Focal, > 15min duration, recurrent

Anti-epileptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Unconjugated bilirubinemia w/- Coombs test, normal Hgb, and + retic count means what?

Path?

A

Hemolysis or hemorrhage

HS, G6PD, pyruvate kinase def OR hematoma/bleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rubella is what kind of virus?

How does the rash start?

Prodrome presents how?

A

Togavirus

Face and spreads down to toes

tender LAD, Forchheimer spots in mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Treatment for BPD?

A

Give O2 and lung protective strategy ventilation

Perinatal surfactant and ante-natal steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Brief period where gasping respiration’s start followed by what?

Treatment?

A

Secondary apnea

Bagging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

6 months old what can you do?

A

Think June summer solstice

Sitting at a picnic and having stranger anxiety with mom’s weird friends raking your face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the workup for suspected in meningitis if FAILS (Inc ICP) Positive?

A

Blood Cx —> Abx —> CT scan —> LP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you diagnose Meckel’s?

Treat?

A

Technicium-99 radionucleotide scan

Surgically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the most effective treatments for allergic rhinitis?

A

Intranasal corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is Palivizumab used?

A

RSV prevention in premature infant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the treatment for bacterial tracheitis?

F/u with what?

A

IV Abx

Scope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pt that has bloody diarrhea plus fever indicates what?

Treatment?

A

Shigella, salmonella, E. Coil, Yersenia

Stool culture, hydration, electrolyte management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What bugs MC cause OE?

A

Pseudomonas

S. Aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Scoliosis suspected, 1st step in diagnosis?
Next?

Treatment?

A

Adam’s test
Xray

Bracing or surgery for severe cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When does Legg-Calve-Perthe Disease occur?

Can suffer what?

CFs?

Dx and treat how?

A

6 years old

AVN of the hip

Insidious knee pain, antalgic gait

Xray, then cast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is bronchiolitis?

Caused by what?

A

Inflammatory disorder of the small airways caused by a viral infection

RSV most common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Hirschsprung’s?

Always where?

A

Absent ganglion migration of Meissner and Auerbach plexus

Rectum/distal colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes TGA?

Needs what to survive?

A

Pregestational diabetes

PDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What will the Haptoglobin content be in a sickle cell pt?

LDH?

A

Low

High

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What causes HFMD?

Appears how?

A

Coxsackie A

Vesicle on erythematous base, can involve buttocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is an osteochondrosis aka traction apophysitis?

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Pt with fungal or PCP infection most likely has what?

CBC shows what?

A

DiGeorge syndrome

Dec Lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What presents in a premature infant w/acidosis, HoTN, bloody diarrhea?

A

NEC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What flu vaccine is the MC?

What is MC given to kids?

A

Inactivated

Live attenuated intranasal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Multi physic or to and fro heart lesion is called what?

A

PDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Pts 5-15 have the highest incidence of GAS, so what can you do?

A

Jump straight to testing if they do not have viral sx (cough, rhinorrhea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How does choanal atresia present in a baby?

A

Blue at rest
Pink up while crying
Childhood snoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Supplemental oxygen use in a premature infant indicates what?

What is the pathology behind it?

A

BPD

Decreased surfactant and alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are the indications for Exchange transfusion in sickle cell crisis?

A

Encephalopathy
FND
Chest pain
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Syndrome w/interictal EEG showing hypsarrhythmia is what?

Treatment?

A

West syndrome (Infantile spasm)

ACTH aka cosyntropin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Meconium aspiration syndrome causes what complications?

Treatment in infant w/pulse < 100 and poor tone?

A

Severe pulmonary complications

Endotracheal auctioning w/endotracheal tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What presents as a bone cancer w/fever, leukocytosis and night sweats?

A

Ewing Sarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

When do kids need to be admitted to the burn ward for fluid replacement?

A

> 10% BSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

1 year old what can you do?

A

Think Christmas

Walking over to Santa to grasp and pinch him but getting separation anxiety when leaving him

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the CENTOR score?

A 
Absent cough = +1
Exudate (tonsillitis) = +1
Nodes (Ant chain LAD) = +1
Temp > 38C = +1
OR: < 14 = + 1
> 44 = -1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Major feature of Tuberous sclerosis?

3+1 other assoc CF?

A

Intellectual disability

Ash leaf spots, Lisch nodules, angiofibromas
+1 = sebaceous adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

How do you diagnose Asthma?

Describe the condition

A

PFTs showing decreased FEV1/FVC

Reversible bronchoconstriction and inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What starts w/a high fever > 40C that breaks as the rash starts?

What is the pattern of the rash?

A

Roseola

Begins on trunk, spreads to face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Cataracts in newborn, think what?

If later on but still early life?

A

TORCH infection

Galactosemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is an atretic or anatomically stenosis connection between the nose and mouth called?

A

Choanal atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What describes a complex partial seizure?

Generalized?

A

Focal, (+) LOC

Total body, (+) LOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is the treatment for tetanus if sx have already started?

A

Sedation+intubation
Muscle relaxers
Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What presents as a sunburst pattern on distal femur?

A

Osteosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is the BRUE definition?

A

< 1 year old + < 1 min duration +

- change in color, tone, respirations or responsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

1st step in workup of 3/6 hear murmur in child less than 1 y/o is what?

A

Echocardiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Breast milk jaundice is what kind of issue?

Treat how?

What is elevated?

A

Quality aka enzymes (at 6-14 days), mom’s milk inhibits conjugation

Temporarily substitute formula

Indirect bili

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is TTN?
Seen in what?

How does the infant present?

CXR shows what?

A

Delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid
C section

Grunting and tachyons

Hyperexpanded and wet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Febrile illness w/joint pain points to what?

Dx how?

A

Septic hip

Xray, then joint aspiration w//gram stain and Cx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Osteomyelitis due to a dog bite, what organism?

Sickle cell?

Penetrating injury?

A

Pasteurella

Salmonella

Coag-negative Staph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Inheritance of CF?

How do these kids present?

Management focused on what?

A

AR

FTT, meconium ileus, frequent respiratory infections

Lungs (pseudomonas) and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

How does duodenal atresia present?

Assoc w/what?

A

Polyhydramnios, X-ray shows double-bubble w/NO distal air

Down syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What causes chemical conjunctivitis in newborns?

Occurs when?

A

Silver nitrate

24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

If assessing for kidney stones bc of hematuria, what test to image it?

A

Non-contrast CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Pt w/sickle cell crisis has what lab values?

A

INC bilirubin
INC reticulocyte
DEC platelets
DEC Hgb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What high electrolytes can cause FTPM?

Low ones?

A

Ca, Mg

hypoglycemia, hypokalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Albinism, neuropathy, neutropenia w/giant granules, wither recurrent stap aureus infections is what?

A

Cheddar Higashi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What to do if febrile seizure lasts more than 5 min?

A

Abort seizure w/benzos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What do you do in a pt that is older than 3 but younger than a teenager in suspicion of GAS?

A

Rapid strep test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Delayed separation of the cord most likely has what?

Labs should what?

A

LAD

WBC VERY high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

When is the median age of onset for neuroblastoma?

How to tell it apart from Wilms tumor?

A

19 months

It crosses midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Pharyngitis plus rash on palms/soles is what Dx?

A

Coxsackie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

How does annular pancreas present?

A

Double-bubble with or w/out distal air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

What presents as sudden onset dyspnea in a young child?

Do what?

A

Foreign body aspiration

Chest XRay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Pt that is persistently hypoxic that does not improve w/oxygenation has what?

How do you know?

Treat how?

A

TGA

None of the inspired oxygen is getting into the systemic circulation

PGE1, then surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

CMP in baby w/pyloric stenosis shows what?

A

Hypochloremic
Hypokalemic
Metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

6 mo old baby w/FTT after feeding most likely has what?

Treat how?

A

Milk-soy protein allergy

Hydrolyzed formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

What are some Non-organic causes of FTT?

A

Formula
Feeding
Frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Premature infant what are the 4 diseases to consider?

A

IVH
BPD
ROP
Necrotizing enterocolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Pt w/X-ray showing air fluid levels with a gas filled plug has what?

Treatment?

A

Meconium ileus

Water-soluble contrast enema or surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

How to treat NEC?

Surgery can cause what?

A

NPO, IV Abx (against g negs), and TPN

Short guy syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

what has a 3 Hx spike on EEG?

A

Absence seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Mild Concussion describe the following:
FND

LOC

HA

Amnesia

CT

A

None

< 60 seconds

None, improving

None

No CT, go home

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

What is the response to high pressure in the pulmonary circulation?

A

RVH and Pulm HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

What age group does bacterial trancheitis?

What is seen on xray?

Looks like what? But what?

A

5-7 years

Subglottic narrowing

Croup but they are more ill-appearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Adolescent w/hot potato voice and uvula displaced to one side indicates what?

MC pathogens?

A

Peritonsillar abscess

GAS, S. Aureus, anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

What kind of virus is measles?

Sx?

Biggest concern?

A

Paramyxovirus

Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots

SSPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Premature infant w/blood bowel movement must r/o what first?

A

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

Sickle cell pts have what other than sickled cells on blood smear?

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

What describes a loss of consciousness and the CT shows punctuate intracerebral hemorrhages?

A

Cerebral contusion

Coup and contra-coup injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

For a pt w/3 or more lifetime doses of Tetanus vaccine, what is the treatment for a dirty wound if it has been more than 10 years since the last dose of vaccine?

Less than 10 years?

A

Tdap

Home

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

Premature baby and bloody diarrhea = what?

Dx how?

Tx?

A

NEC

Babygram xray

NPO, TPN, IV Abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

Arthrocentesis that shows wbc > 50,000 means what?

A

Septic joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

What is a good first test for immunodeficiency?

A

QIGs and CBC w/diff

107
Q

What does the X-ray show in a Hirschsprung’s pt?

Treatment?

A

Dilated proximal colon (normal)
Normal distal colon (ABNORMAL)

Pull-through procedure, colostomy

108
Q

A teenager with a heart murmur < 3/6 w/no palpable thrill, what is the workup prior to starting sports?

A

NONE - he can play, yeah i said HE

109
Q

For a pt w/less than 3 lifetime doses of Tetanus vaccine, what is the treatment for a clean wound?

Dirty?

A

Tdap

Tdap + TIG

110
Q

What presents w/altered mental status, no tonic-clonic activity and the pt will have mild confusion after?

A

Complex partial seizure

112
Q

What is an absolute contraindication to DTap?

Relative?

A

Hx of encephalopathy

Fever > 40C w/in 48 hours, shock, persistent crying (3+ hours), seizures w/in 3 days

113
Q

Pharyngitis plus conjunctivitis in kid, what is it?

A

Adenovirus

113
Q

Pt with CGD has what kind of NBT test?

Treat how?

A

Negative

Bactria, itraconazole, bone marrow transplant

114
Q

Tx for Hyper-IgM syndrome?

A

IVIG

115
Q

What is primary apnea?

A

Apnea from any perinatal insult, it will quickly respond to stimulation

116
Q

What presents w/recurrent sinusitis, OM, PNA and shows that there is a B-cell deficiency?

What Ig levels present?

Tx?

A

Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia

All Igs are LOW. —> A, G, E, M

IVIG

117
Q

What is the parkland formula?

Used for what?

A

%BSA x Kg x 4

2nd and 3rd degree only

119
Q

What must you check for in the head?

A

Caput succedaneum (CROSSES sutures) or cephalohematoma

120
Q

What are peak incidences of IBD?

A

10-20 and 50-80

121
Q

Acute OM and swelling behind the ear that is anteriorly rotated indicates what?

What cause?

A

Mastoiditis

Pseudomonas

122
Q

Female pt w/constant leak that has never been dry has what?

Dx how?

Tx?

A

Ectopic ureter

US, VCUG, radionuclide scan

Surgery

123
Q

How do you treat active pertussis?

A

Erythromycin

124
Q

What is an inspiratory sound of the upper airway that indicates a partial obstruction near the trachea or larynx?

A

Stridor

125
Q

Bilious vomiting means what?

A

Obstruction is distal to biliary tree or NO obstruction at all

128
Q

Direct hyperbilirubinemia requires a workup for what?

A 
Sepsis (wbc, blood Cx)
Obstruction (HIDA scan)
metabolic diseases (Rotor, Dubin, etc)
129
Q

Unconjugated bilirubin w/+ Coombs test means what?

Path?

A

Isoimmunization

Rh or ABO incapability

130
Q

A pulse between 60-100 requires what in newborn?

< 60?
If no improvement upon treatment do what?

A

Ongoing ventilation

Chest compressions at 3:1 ratio
Epinephrine via umbilical vein catheter

131
Q

What presents as a harsh holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border?

Assoc w/what?

A

VSD

FTT, HF, Down syndrome

132
Q

Severe Concussion describe the following:
FND

LOC

HA

Amnesia

CT

A

Positive

> 60 seconds

Present or worsening

Retro/anterograde

Get it to r/o Bleeding

133
Q

Prophylactic PCN is indicated for kids w/sickle cell in what age?

A

Def < 5

Probably until Age 18

134
Q

How do you interpret the CENTOR criteria?

A

< 1 no further testing
2-3 perform rapid testing
>/= 4 empiric Abx

135
Q

1st step in pyloric stenosis?

Diagnose how?

Then what?

A

Immediate IVF for rehydration

US showing donut sign

Pyloromyotomy

136
Q

Pnematosis intestinalis means what else?

Seen in what condition?

A

Air in the wall of the bowel

Necrotizing enterocolitis

136
Q

What is the biggest issue of cleft lip/palate?

Others?

A

Feeding - FTT

OM, feeding problems, hearing difficulties, speech pathology

138
Q

How does a pt w/UPJ present?

What is the MC pt population?

A

Colicky ABD pain

Teenager after binge drinking

139
Q

When does CVID usually present?

Ig levels will show what?

Thx?

A

Mid to late childhood

2/3 Igs will be low - A, G, M

IVIG

140
Q

How to prevent SIDS?

A

Sleep on back
Don’t share beds
Smoking cessation

142
Q

What causes croup?

MC age group?

AP film shows what?

Treat how?

A

Parainfluenza virus

6mo - 3yr

Steeple sign (clear lungs w/subglottic narrowing)

Racemic Epi and steroids

143
Q

What does derecruitment mean?

A

Alveoli that get stuck together and fail to open

144
Q

What is an enanthem?

A

Rash on the mucous membranes

145
Q

What presents as double-bubble and multiple air-fluid levels?

What pathology? Due to what?

A

Intestinal atresia

Vascular accident in utero —> cocaine

146
Q

Baby w/imperforate anus, what do you want to do first?

Never do what?

A

Cross table X-ray

Take temp rectally

146
Q

Baby that has FTT, what is the first thing to go?

Next?

Last?

A

Weight

Height

Head circumference

148
Q

What are some organic causes of FTT?

A 
Genetic (CF)
Cardiac disease
Pyloric stenosis
GERD
Hyperthyroid
149
Q

What causes ROP?

Why?

Treat how?

A

Prematurity

High oxygen delivery

Laser photocoagulation

151
Q

What medications can cause FTPM?

A

Magnesium

Opiates

153
Q

Newborn male that presents w/low or no urine output and a palpable bladder has what?

May be PMHx of what?

A

Posterior urethral valve

Oligohydramnios

154
Q

What is the definitive way to treat biliary atresia?

A

Kasai procedure - hepatoportoenterostomy

155
Q

What gives away HSV encephalitis?

A

Mention to hippocampus

Bloody LP

156
Q

4 months old what can you do?

A

Think April Fool’s

Rolling over in Laughter

156
Q

If it is a situation of hereditary angioedema, how do you treat?

A

FFP

157
Q

How to treat PNA when it is a typical pathogen?

Atypical?

A

Amoxicillin

Azithromycin

158
Q

When should congenital esotropia be corrected?

A

6 months

159
Q

What do you use to determine if if blood in stool of newborn is maternal or fetal origin?

What yields a + test?

A

Apt test (alkali desaturation test)

Fetal blood resistant to denaturation

162
Q

Ewing sarcoma found what part of bone?

Diagnose how?

Buzz words?

A

Diaphysis (shaft)

MRI

Onion skin, moth eaten

165
Q

What is a Mongolian spot?

Seen in whom?

Mistaken for what?

A

Dermal melanocytosis

Latin America and east Asia

Bruising

165
Q

What is the definitive test for OM?

A

Pneumatic insufflation (tense immobile membrane)

166
Q

Pt w/severe jaundice needs what? Decide how?

If it fails then what?

A

Phototherapy, look at a nomogram

Exchange transfusion

167
Q

Describe features of simple febrile seizure

A

Generalized
< 15 min in duration
1 episode in 24 hours
No underlying neurological problems

168
Q

Pt w/GAS that is treated appropriately is still at risk for what?

Untreated can lead to what?

A

PSGN

Rheumatic fever

169
Q

What is the SE of Ceftriaxone if used in kids < 30 days old?

What to use instead?

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

Cefotaxime

170
Q

What kind of vomiting means there is an obstruction distal to ampulla of Vater?

1st step in workup?

A

Bilious

X-ray —> gas patterns

171
Q

RDS can cause what?

Infant presents how?

CXR shows what?

A

Surfactant deficiency causing atelectasis

Premature w/grunting

Low lung volumes w/uniform granular pattern

172
Q

Pt w/TEF can be diagnosed how?

A

NG tube coils up, use X-ray

173
Q

Baby w/biliary atresia what is the 1st step in workup?

Next?

Last?

A

US plus LFTs

HIDA after phenobarbital

Liver biopsy —> intraoperative cholangiogram

174
Q

What makes a high-risk BRUE?

A

Hx suggestive of Dz
Physical suggestive of dz
CPR performed
Multiple, recurring

175
Q

What is the cut off for failure to pass meconium?

A

48 hours

But most do so w/in 24 hours

175
Q

2 months old, what can you do?

A

Think Valentines Day

Lift your head to Smile

175
Q

How do you treat acute crisis in sickle cell?

A

IVF
O2
IV pain meds
Abx if infection present

176
Q

Breast feeding jaundice is what kind of issue?

Treat how?

What is elevated?

A

Quantity (newborn < 7 days), bowel moves too slow

Increase # of feeds

Indirect bili

177
Q

How to treat apnea of prematurity?

A

Give caffeine

177
Q

What is the MC SE for the HPV vaccine?

Recommended in what age groups?

A

Syncope

9-26

177
Q

How do you treat shingles outbreak?

A

TCA

Gabapentin

179
Q

Colicky ABD pain w/abrupt onset in kids 3mo - 3 years indicates what?

Diagnose how?

Treatment?

A

Intussusception

US

Air-contrast barium enema, if it fails, then surgery

181
Q

What is characterized as low glucose?

How to treat SYMPTOMATIC hypoglycemia?

If it is persistent?

A

< 40-45

2mL/kg of D10W

Dextrose infusion

181
Q

What presents w/double-bubble but Normal gas pattern?

Diagnose how?

A

Malrotation/volvulus

Upper GI series, contrast enema

181
Q

Unconjugated bilirubinemia w/- Coombs test but high Hgb means what?

Path?

A

Blood transfusion

Twin-twin, maternal-baby, delayed cord clamping

181
Q

What is right of midline and without a membrane congenital defect?

A

Gastroschisis

181
Q

Retinal hemorrhages in a baby indicate what?

What else?

A

Shaken baby syndrome

Subdural hematoma

181
Q

How do you treat scabies?

A

Permethrin or lindane

181
Q

Newborn w/clicky hip has what?

Diagnose how?

Treatment?

A

DDH

US in 4-6 weeks

Harness

181
Q

Bleeding with pattern of dysmorphic urinary rbcs, rbc casts, and coca-colored urine points to what cause?

A

Glomerular

181
Q

Chediak-Higashi is what inheritance?

CFs?

A

AR

Neutropenia, necrosyphilis

181
Q

Job syndrome is what?

Present how?

A

Hyper IgE

Cold abscesses (Staph, H.flu, Strep pneumo0

181
Q

Fungal or PCP infections with underlying heart defect in newborn think what?

Treat how?

A

DiGeorge

Prophylaxis w/Bactrim and scheduled IVIG

182
Q

What is the MC heart defect in kid > 1 y/o

A

ASD

183
Q 
Describe how much BSA is in each of the following areas:
Head
Front thorax
Back thorax
Arms
Legs
Genitals
A 
9+9 = 18
9+9 = 18
9+9 = 18 (4.5 per side)
L=9, R=9, 18 total
9+9+9 = 27
1
184
Q

How do you treat lice?

A

Permethrin or malathion

184
Q

Paralysis + encephalitis?

A

West Nile

184
Q

What will classify anaphylaxis?

A 
2 of the following:
HoTN or End-organ damage (syncope)
GI sx
Skin/mucosa
Respiratory sx
187
Q

What is normal hemoglobin composed of?

Sickle cell?

A

a2B2

A2B2 with Valine substitution

188
Q

What can Parvo virus cause in adults?

A

Arthritis

189
Q

How to treat TTN?

A

O2 and CPAP/intubation aka PPV

189
Q

Femoral or skull fracture in a kid indicates what?

A

Child abuse

190
Q

What is the MC primary immunodeficiency?

How do they present?

A

IgA def

Anaphylaxis after blood transfusion

191
Q

Baby w/imperforate anus, what else do you want to look for?

A 
Vertebral
Anus
Cardiac 
TracheoEsophageal Fistula
Esophageal atresia
Renal
Limb
191
Q

1st step in workup of yellow baby?

Next?

A

Transcutaneous sensor

Draw bilirubin level

191
Q

Bowel sounds over the lungs w/scaphoid abdomen in a dyspneic baby means what?

Diagnose how?

A

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Babygram - xray

191
Q

What is an exanthem?

A

Rash on the skin

191
Q

What is the treatment for Toxo/PJP?

Alternate?

If can’t use alternate?

A

TMP/SMX

Dapsone

Atovaquone

191
Q

What are the 2nd gen H1 antihistamines used to treat urticaria?

A

Cetirizine
Loratadine
Fexofenadine

191
Q

What presents w/high fever w/rapid onset, pt will be drooling and tripoding?

AP film shows what?

Treat how?

A

Epiglottis

Thumbprint sign

Controlled intubation

191
Q

What presents w/a fixed, wide split S2?

How to close?

A

ASD

Catheter-directed device closure

191
Q

What are the features of ToF?

See what on xray?

Assoc w/what?

Due to defect in what?

A

PROV
Pulmonic stenosis, RVH, overriding aorta, VSD

Boot-shaped heart

Down syndrome, DiGeorge

Endocardium cushion

191
Q

Baby w/HTN, claudication (refuses to walk) most likely has what?

Dx how?

Treat?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

BP on arms and legs, Echo next

Surgery

191
Q

What presents w/synovial inflammation up to 4 weeks after uri or GI viral illness?

A

Septic hip

191
Q

Unilateral conjunctivitis most likely due to what?

When?

Treat how?

A

Chlamydia

Day 5-14

Erythromycin PO

192
Q

For a pt w/3 or more lifetime doses of Tetanus vaccine, what is the treatment for a dirty wound if it has been more than 5 years since the last dose of vaccine?

Less than 5 years?

A

Tdap

Home

193
Q

What does urology pelvic US look at?

Can tell you what?

A

The tubes

Hydronephrosis (obstruction) is or NOT

194
Q

Baby that has bubbling and gurgling w/respirations has what?

A

TEF

195
Q

Meckel’s diverticulum is remnant of what?

Presents how?

A

Omphalomesenteric (vitelline) duct

FOBT, Fe def anemia, or hematochezia

196
Q

How long should kids be in booster car seats?

A

Until 4’9’’ and 8-12 years old

196
Q

What is the workup for suspected in meningitis if FAILS (Inc ICP) Negative?

A

LP —> CSF and Blood Cx —> ABx

198
Q

Pulse < 100 or respiratory difficulties at 30 seconds means what?

Do what ?

A

Primary apnea

PPV

198
Q

Double bubble w/no distal gas pattern indicates what?

A

Duodenal atresia or annular pancreas

198
Q

Posthepatic jaundice has what pathology?

A

ASO
Atresia
Sepsis
Obstruction

198
Q

What shape can you make as a 3 year old? What gross motor?

4? G motor?

5? G motor?

A

Circle, trike

Cross, hop

Triangle, skip

199
Q

What are the 5 criteria of APGAR and what does normal mean?

A 
Appearance - pink
Pulse - > 100
Grimace - with stimulation
Activity - resists extension
Respiration - STRONG
200
Q

Pt w/recurrent pulmonary infections, GI infections w/high fever, and massive leukocytosis. No pus in the infections has what?

A

LAD - CD18

201
Q

When does the intraventricular lining involute?

How to screen for it?

What happens?

Treatment?

A

34 weeks

Cranial US

Increases ICP

VP shunt

201
Q

Is rotavirus vaccine live or killed? Given how?

Biggest SE?

A

Live, orally

Intussusception

201
Q

What presents in a kid w/drooling and a fever w/neck fixed in a sniffing position w/refusal to move and has a muffled voice?

What imaging to get?

What special Clinical Feature?

A

Retropharyngeal abscess

CT scan

Unilateral LAD

201
Q

Pt w/sinopulmnary infections and absent IgA with poor DNA repair has what?

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

203
Q

Conjugated bilirubin is always ________ as it is indicative of problems w/________?

A

Pathologic

Biliary excretion

203
Q

Unconjugated bilirubinemia w/- Coombs test, normal Hgb, and - retic count means what?

Path?

A

Reabsorption problem

Hemorrhage, breast feeding jaundice, breast milk jaundice

203
Q

How long should children be in a rear-facing car seat in the back of the car?

A

2 y/o

204
Q

SCFE occurs in whom?

Dx. How?

A

Obese teen or one in a growth spurt

frog-leg Xray

205
Q

What kind of pts are more susceptible to voluntary constipation?

Tx?

A

Retarded kids

Manual disimpaction

Pediatrics (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions