OM 12 Layout and Job Design

Question 1

Process Types

Answer 1

Project (building)
Job Shop (honda racing car, Veterinary clinic: small jobs each is diff)
Batch (Brooks Brothers: diff sizes, Bakery: batches of diff bread )
Repetitive/ Assembly Line (television)
Continuous (Coca-Cola)

Question 2

Advantages and Disadvantages of Job Shop

Answer 2

Able to handle wide variety of work

Slow, high cost/ unit, complex planning

Question 3

Advantages and Disadvantages of Batch

Answer 3

Flexible; easy to add/ change

moderate cost/unite and scheduling

Question 4

Advantages and Disadvantages of Repetative/ Assemble

Answer 4

Low unit cost/ high volume/ efficient

low flexibility, high cost of downtime

Question 5

Advantages and Disadvantages of Continuous

Answer 5

Very efficient, very high volume

very rigid, costly to change

Question 6

Product Layout

Answer 6

Used for repetitive processing (assembly line)
high utilization of specialized labor and equipment
low material handling cost and WIP Inventory
Routine
Low unit cost

Question 7

Process Layout

Answer 7

Used for intermittent processing

• can handle variety of processing requirements
• not vulnerable to equipment failures
• General purpose queipment often less costly
• possible to use idividual incentive systems

Question 8

Fixed Position Layout

Answer 8

Product remains stationary

- workers, materials, etc are brought to it (building)

Question 9

Efficiency approach to job design

Answer 9

Emphasizes specialization 
Utilizes: 
Method Analysis 
Motion Study 
Work Measurement

Question 10

Behavioral Approach to Job Design

Answer 10

Job Enlargement (Horizontal loading) 
- larger portion of total task 
Job Rotation 
Job Enrichment (vertical loading) 
- increasing responsibility for planning and coordination

Question 11

Advantages of Specialization

Answer 11

For Management: 
- simplify training
- low wage costs 
- high productivity 
For employees: 
- low education and skill 
- Minimum responsibility 
- Little mental effort q

Question 12

Ergonomics

Answer 12

Incorporation of human factors in the design of the workplace

Question 13

Time Based Compensation

Answer 13

East to administed
More Common
Can lead to slacking

Question 14

Output Based Compensation

Answer 14

proven to increase performance

hard to administer/ less common

Question 15

Knowledge Based Pay

Answer 15

used to reward workers who undergo training to increase their skills

Question 16

Method Analysis

Answer 16

Analyzing how a job is done (see if there are any improvements)

Question 17

Motion Study

Answer 17

Study of the human motions used to perform a study (to eliminate any unecessary)

• Motion study principles
• micromotion study
• Therbligs

Question 18

Work Measurement

Answer 18

determine how long it should take to do a job