OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS

Question 1

Definition of Oligohydramnios

Answer 1

Oligohydramnios refers to low level of amniotic fluid during pregnancy
Or having too little amniotic fluid

Question 2

Aetiology or cause of oligohydramnios

Answer 2

Placenta insufficiency 
Rupture of membranes 
Renal agenesis
Non functioning fetal kidney 
Ubstructive uropathy
Genetic / chromosomal anomalies
Viral infections

Question 3

Pathophysiology of oligohydramnios

Question 4

Signs and symptoms of oligohydramnios

Answer 4

Leaking of amniotic fluid from the vagina
Low amniotic fluid on an ultrasound 
Intrauterine growth restrictions 
Low maternal weight gain
Abdominal discomfort 
Sudden drop of fetal heart rate
Little or no fetal movement 
Abnormal findings on a fetal monitor including fetal distress

Question 5

Investigations

2 ways to measure amniotic fluid

Answer 5

Ultrasound: it is used to measure the amniotic fluid

AFI- amniotic fluid index : checks how deep the amniotic fluid is in 3 areas of the uterus

Maximum pool depth

3 areas of the uterus are fundus, body, cervix

Question 6

Complications

Answer 6

Oligohydramnios can cause pregnancy complications or be a sign of an underlying health condition.
…
These complications could include:
Deformities caused by being compressed in the womb.
Preterm birth.
Miscarriage.
Stillbirth.
Infection if your water has broken early.

Question 7

Alternative diagnosis

Question 8

Management

Answer 8

Management of Oligohydramnios. Oligohydramnios at term may be managed actively via induction of labor or expectantly via hydration and fetal surveillance, and/or regular ultrasounds assessing amniotic fluid volume.

Question 9

Polyhydramnios

Answer 9

Polyhydramnios is where there is too much amniotic fluid around the baby during pregnancy

Question 10

Anhydramnios

Answer 10

the absence of amniotic fluid is called anhydramnios.