Old notes Flashcards
Scope Management involves focusing on
doing the only work that meets the objectives of the project charter
In contracts, special provisions takes precedence over
general provisions
main output of validate scope
Change requests
In closing phase, to ensure you do not have opened risks.. what should you review?
Risk report not risk register
The most effective way to resolve stakeholders issues
face to face meetings
As PM, when should u specially consider cultural differences?
When rewarding during team development
Most appropriate technique if u want number of experts to identify project risks but also wish to receive unbiased data
Interviewing
Benefits Management Plan
Done before starting the project by portfolio and his team
risk has 7% chance to happen and costs 2500 dollars, what is the EMV?
-2500 * .07 = -175 $
Anything related to data includes lessons learned, schedules and historical data
OPA
PM has no control on it, related to organizational infrastructure
EEF
EMV - Expected Monetary Value - القيمة النقدية المتوقعة
Calculate the impact in minus, multiply percentage of chance of happening by the cost
Standard Deviation Formula
(P-O)/6
Process of Elimination
Rejecting each possible choice until only one is left
Benchmarking
Compare what we have with other organizations
Life Cycle Costing
Tracking cost through out life of project
50/50 rule
Activity considered 50% completed when it begins and gets credit of the rest 50% only when it is completed
Context Diagrams
Tool used to describe the scope and how it relates to other systems
SWOT Analysis
Strength, Weakness, opportunities and Threats
GANTT Chart
used for schedules
Regression Analysis
used to examine series of input variables, independent variables. It is used to predict the dependent variable
reciprocal
interactive - متبادل - تفاعلي
Risk Rating Matrix
X is probability, Y is impact. Used during risk assessment to define the level of risk
Inspection
Observe performance of work or product against requirements
Design of Experiments
Tool used in quality planning to determine type of tests and impacts on cost quality.
Product backlogs
Set of user stories
Work Authorization System
can be used to manage who does each activity
Secondary risks
risks identified during creating risk response plan. The best action to deal with it is continue planning risks response and document the new risks
Bar chart
Best tool to show the team the project schedule status during project executing (shows the schedule at detailed enough level for team discussion)
Top 4 source of conflicts
- Schedules - 2. Project priorities - 3. Resources - 4. Technical opinions
The final steps of problem solving include
Implementing a decision, reviewing it and confirming that the decision solved the problem
3 forms of inspections
Product review, audit and walkthroughs
2 project selection methods
Benefits measurement methods and Constrained optimization methods
Where can we find preliminary list of all key S.H. ?
Project charter
Where must we document role, authority, responsibility and competency of each team member?
Resource Management Plan
competency
Efficiency - كفاءة
A T&T used to ensure that team members understand project communications requirements
Training
100 percent rule of WBS
The total of the work at the work package level should be roll up to higher levels so that nothing is left out and no extra work is performed
Analyzing work performance data will result
work performance information
Can’t be used to measure business value
Expected monetary value
PM should begin developing effective S.H. engagement strategies in
Planning
Free float
ES of next activity - EF
Total float
LF - EF = LS - ES
Free float can only occur when
2 or more activities are sharing common successor.
Alternative Dispute Resolutions (ADR)
الحلول البديلة لفض المنازعات - In contracts, used as a tool to settle claims or disputes without litigations
Two primary means of ADR are
Mediation (وساطة) - Arbitration (تحكم)
Cost of Quality (COQ)
Total costs needed to bring products or services up to standards.
To determine COQ :
Combine cost of conformance and non conformance
Cost of Conformance:
Prevention costs - Appraisal costs
revent back to you
get back to you
unprecedented
غير مسبوق
publicize
distribute
Cost of Non-Conformance
Internal Failure Costs - External Failure Costs
Risk Triggers
مسببات المخاطر - must be documented in Risk Register. The trigger identifies risk symptoms or warning signs
When kick off meeting occurs?
At end of planning process prior to beginning project work
Purpose of kick off meeting
To ensure that everyone is aware of project details and his role
constructive change
تغيير بناء - It is a situation when contractor performs work beyond the contract requirements without formal order. This is also a change where buyer and seller can’t reach an agreement.
Preferred method to handle disagreement between buyer and seller is
Negotiation. If it is not working, they can go through ADR procedures
Lump sum contract
Fixed price contract, contract agreement that used if the requested work is well defined and construction drawings are completed
SMART objectives
Specific - Measurable - Attainable - Relevant - Time bound
Journey of Abiline
Organizations take frequently actions in contradiction to what they really want to do and therefor defeat the very purposes they are trying to achieve. It means most people agree to do certain things as group or organization which they personally do not agree or believe in.. just to be team player, to save face or avoid conflict
S Curve
It is a tool of quantitative risk analysis also it s a graph describes the typical growth of EV during the course of project
Product backlog
List of work to be done in order to build desired product written by product owner
What docs could be part of the project management plan?
Project management plans and baselines
What would team do to implement ‘acceptance response’ on threats risks?
Allocate contingency reserves
Prototype
Tangible, done for early feedback on requirements by stakeholders
What is the risk trigger?
Warning sign that previously identified risk might or has occure
Risk register
Has all identified project risks
Risk report
Has main important risks and summary info of overall risks
Quality audit
To verify quality of processes, to seek improvement, identify best practices, reduce overall cost of quality, confirm implementation of approved changes, need quality documentation
SLA
Service Level Agreement, it is commitment between service provider and customer. Particular aspects of the service - quality, availability, responsibilities are all agreed between service provider and user
Decision tree
Tool used to determine quantitative risk analysis used to reach a computed optimal solution using probability distributions as a basis. The circle represents a chance node which an EMV maybe assigned to calculate the most likely pay off
Requirement Management Plan
States how requirement is analysed, documented and managed. It describes how requirements activities will be planned, tracked and reported.
What is the purpose of configuration control when configuration management is applied?
Ensure that proposed and approved changes to configuration items are fully analyzed, documented and control the frequently requested changes to a project by applying agreed rules
Brook’s law says:
Adding human resources to a late software project makes it later
Bidder Conference
T and T used in control procurement where the output is selected sellers. It has to be before awarding the contract but takes place prior to submission and NOT after submitting the bid so that vendors can take inputs from these meetings before final submission
Fait Accompli
Dirty unfair tric in procurement process. For ex: companies mailing you an invoice for products and services that you didn’t agree to buy
Global literacies
The ability to succeed in a cross cultural environment
4 factors for initiating projects
- Meet regulatory, legal or social requirements
- Satisfy S.H. requests or needs
- Create, improve or fix products, processes or services
- Change business or technical strategies
Project business documents are:
Project business case: documented economic feasibility study. It lists the objectives and reasons for project initiation, helps to measure the project success at the end of the project. It maybe used before project initiation and may result in a go/no-go decision for the project.
Project Management Benefits Plan:
Explanation of defining the processes for creating, maximizing and sustaining benefits provided by the project. It describes how and when the benefits will be delivered.
It may include but not limited to: Target benefits, strategic alignment, timeframe, owner, metrics , assumptions and risks
Project Management Plan is defined as
The doc. that describes how the project will be executed, monitored and controlled
Kickback
Bribe - رشوة
Rolling wave planning
Develop the WBS partially in long projects
Hybrid life cycle
Predictive and adaptive
Business case used to create
The project charter and in all phases, make sure we are inline
Project selection methods:
Constraints (programming) or benefits
Bigger is better for all coat models except
Payback period where shorter is better
Staffing peaks during:
Execution phase of a project (it means staffing is typically highest in execution)
Fast tracking
Activities are working in parallel where project can move forward without deliverables of prior phase completed and approved
Most important factor to determine the value of the project to the organization is
Alignment with the strategic goals
Risk Breakdown Structure is
hierarchy representation of project risks
Bill of Materials (BOM) is:
Formal and complete hierarchal documentation of the specific items that need to be included in a finished product
PM should be most active in managing S.H. needs and expectations during:
Initiating and planning
The traditional way to display a reporting structure among project team members
Project Organization Charts
PM has the responsibility to present truthful and accurate info regarding:
Costs, schedules and resources
What should you do if you can prepare only high level feasibility study in given timeframe?
Refer the issue to the sponsor and explain the need for more detailed study because it is the responsibility of PM to provide accurate and complete info about the feasibility study of any project
If stopping seller’s service will impact the project schedule then best thing to do is:
Reviewing the contract change control system
PM must make sure that all deliverables are clearly stated in
The contract
Coercive power
manager enforces compliance
The net present value (NPV) is a
Cost Benefit Technique
interactual leadership style
تفاعلي - a flexible leadership style recommended for PM for most of the projects
Main output of monitor communication process
Change request
Ultimate goal of effective stakeholder management is
Project success
Student sundrome
Apply at last possible moment before the deadline - procrastination - مماطلة
Sunk cost
A coat that has been occurred already and can’t be recovered
