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Past Papers > Old Cap > Flashcards

Old Cap Flashcards

1
Q

During CPR, when should the rescuer palpate the patient’s pulse to determine return of effective heartbeat?

A

ONLY if patient responds with purposeful movement

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2
Q

What does this describe: a mid diastolic murmur best heard at apex with patient in left lateral position?

A

mitral stenosis

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3
Q

Displaced apex beat and radiation to left axilla suggests which murmur?

A

mitral regurgitation

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4
Q

What kind of MI is one in leads V2-5?

A

anterior

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5
Q

What kind of MI is one in leads V1-3?

A

anteroseptal

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6
Q

What kind of inflammation can be seen on bronchial biopsy of an asthmatic?

A

chronic eosinophillic mucosal inflammation

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7
Q

Is haeoglobin a tetramer?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Do ACE I’s improve survival in Congestive Heart Failure?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What does cap refill indicate?

A

A problem with the patient’s peripheral circulation

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10
Q

What should you give to a lady on warfarin for AF with an upper GI bleed?

A

prothrombin complex concentrate

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11
Q

What should you give to a lady with chronic liver disease who’s coagulation has not improved with IV vitamin K?

A

fresh frozen plasma

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12
Q

Branching to give terminal bronchioles occurs during which stage of lung maturation?

A

pseudoglandular

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13
Q

What are part of the respiratory tree with no cartilage in its walls?

A

bronchioles

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14
Q

What is closed when the vocal cords are adducted?

A

glottis

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15
Q

Which parts of the larynx are palpable?

A

thyroid, cricoid and hyoid

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16
Q

Which artery is located inferior to the retroinguinal space?

A

femoral

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17
Q

Branches from which artery supply the major muscle of inspiration?

A

thoracic aorta

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18
Q

Blockage of which artery could result in ischaemia of the midgut?

A

superior mesenteric artery

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19
Q

For intermittent dysphagia in oesophagitis give what treatment?

A

PPI

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20
Q

What should be done for a man with vomiting and dysphagia to solids in whom a tight benign peptic stricture is seen at endoscopy?

A

balloon oesophageal dilatation

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21
Q

For a man with a history of alcohol and tense distended abdomen with shifting dullness, what should be done?

A

paracentesis

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22
Q

What is the treatment for PBC and itch?

A

uresodeoxycholic acid

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23
Q

Treatment for autoimmune hepatitis?

A

prednisolone

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24
Q

What investigation should be carried out for a patient with anaemia and no other symptoms?

A

colonoscopy

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25
Q

What investigation should be carried out for a man with anaemia, weight loss and early satiety?

A

gastroscopy

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26
Q

What investigation should be carried out for a backpacker who has travelled through Russia for several months, who has anaemia?

A

distal duodenal biopsy (could be Giardiasis or Coeliac Disease)

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27
Q

How is E.coli diagnosed?

A

stool culture

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28
Q

Which microbe discovered in 2001 is shown to be a common cause of bronchiolitis?

A

metapneumovirus

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29
Q

What is a microbe with the potential to cause pandemics?

A

Influenza A (among others)

30
Q

What is a cause of pneumonia linked to sheep contact?

A

Coxiella Burnetti

31
Q

What is the recommended intervention in a conscious choking baby?

A

chest thrusts

32
Q

What is the equation for MAP?

A

diastolic pressure + 1/3(systolic-diastolic)

33
Q

What is the most likely cause of anaemia and weight loss?

A

Coeliac Disease

34
Q

Which investigation is used to screen for Coeliac Disease?

A

TTG

35
Q

Which investigation is used to confirm Coeliac Disease?

A

distal duodenal biopsy

36
Q

Which investigation should be carried out in a man with malabsorption who has had surgery for a perforated duodenal ulcer?

A

glycocholic breath tests

37
Q

What is white hair associated with?

A

pernicious anaemia

38
Q

What test should be carried out for a white haired woman of 68 with macrocytic anaemia?

A

Schilling’s test

39
Q

Which antiobiotic is normally given in a COPD exacerbation?

A

amoxicillin

40
Q

Which antibiotic is used to treat resistant pseudomonas?

A

ciprofloxacin

41
Q

Which anthropometric measurement is the best predictor of cardiovascular risk factor?

A

waist circumference

42
Q

What forms the nasal septum along with the vomer bone?

A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid

43
Q

What articulates with parietal bones at the coronal suture?

A

frontal bone

44
Q

What contributes to the base of the skull and is an attachment point for 2 muscles of mastication?

A

sphenoid bone

45
Q

What is the commonest cause of food poisoning?

A

campylobacter

46
Q

What causes HUS?

A

E.coli 0157

47
Q

What investigation should be carried out for recurrent malaena, central abdo pain and previous normal gastroscopy?

A

Meckel’s scan

48
Q

Which investigation should be carried out for an African boy with recurrent acute severe abdominal pain?

A

FULL blood count (to check for sickle cell disease)

49
Q

What investigation sohuld be done for a man with AF and post prandial pain who develops an acute abdomen?

A

CT angiogram (may be gut ischaemia)

50
Q

What is gastrulation?

A

formation of germ layers

51
Q

What is the cause for most congenital abnormalities?

A

Unknown

52
Q

What causes the rising phase of depolarisation in ventricular muscle cells?

A

fast sodium influx

53
Q

Name a circumstance when soap and water is preferable to alcohol gel.

A

Holding bowl for patient who is vomiting

54
Q

What should be given as a 7 day course at home after acute breathlessness in an asthmatic patient following a cold?

A

oral prednisolone

55
Q

What could be given in a patient with acute asthma while waiting for the anaesthetist?

A

IV magnesium or IV aminophylline

56
Q

What change results in a right shift of oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve?

A

decreased pH

57
Q

How can you differentiate between type 1 or 2 respiratory failure?

A

do ABG measurement

58
Q

How can you differentiate between COPD or asthma?

A

do spirometry

59
Q

How can you differentiate between mild or moderate CAP?

A

measure respiratory rate (i.e. determine CURB score)

60
Q

Which nerve allows you to raise your eyebrows?

A

facial nerve

61
Q

Which nerve supplies somatic sensory nerve fibres to the skin of your face?

A

trigeminal nerve

62
Q

Which nerve innervates muscle responsible for adduction of vocal cords?

A

vagus nerve

63
Q

What is the commonest cause of renal failure in children under 5?

A

E.colie 0157

64
Q

What is treatment for C.Diff?

A

Oral vancomycin

65
Q

What transports blood from the spleen and bowel processed by the liver to the IVC?

A

hepatic vein

66
Q

What is the most inferior of the paired anterolateral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

gonadal

67
Q

What do Health Start Vitamins for pregnant women reduce the prevalence of?

A

rickets/osteomalacia

68
Q

Which hepatitis is only seen with another hep virus?

A

D

69
Q

Which cells are increased in patients with strep infections?

A

neutrophils

70
Q

Which cells are increased in patients with a rash following starting a new anti hypertensive medication?

A

eosinophils

71
Q

Which cells would be increased in a doctor with an Influenza A infection?

A

lymphocytes (lymphocytosis is often linked to viral infections)

Past Papers (2 decks)

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