old Flashcards
definition of absorption
The movement of small food molecules and ions through the wall of the intestine into the blood
what is a enzyme
a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body
role of epiglottis
to ensure that food goes through the right tube
definition pepsin
an enzyme in the stomach that breaks down protein
role of gastric mucus
to protect the walls of the stomach from acid made by the epithelial cells and glandular cells
what does your stomach turn food into
chyme
role of small intestine
to absorb nutrients of food
role of villi
villi absorb the nutrients that enter the small intestine
role of liver
the liver produces bile that metabolizes proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
role of gallbladder
the organ that stores bile
role of pancreas
secrets pancreatic juice and insulin that help break down proteins, starches, and fats
definition of large intestine
the large intestine absorbs water and is the transportation system that leads to the anus
definition of large intestine
the large intestine absorbs water and is the transportation system that leads to the anus
role of rectum
stores waste
role of anus
pushes out the toxic waste
what do proteins break down into
they break down into amino acid
what do starches break down into
they breakdown into glucose
what do lipids break down into
fatty acid
what movment is taken up by the esophgus
peristalsis movement
what is a enzyme
an enzyme is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body
role of the epiglottis
a flap that ensures that food goes through the esophagus
what action does the epiglottis do to ensure that food goes down the esophagus
opens and closes its flaps to let food through
what movement does the esophagus do
peristalsis movement
role of pepsin
an enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach
what protects the walls of the stomach
gastric mucus
what type of cells secrete gastric mucus
epithelial and glandular cells
what does the stomach turn food into
chyme
what makes the small intestine small
its small diameter
what absorbs the nutrients in the small intestine
the ville
how do villi absorb nutrients rapidly
they have large surface area that allows them to absorb nutrients rapidly
role of the liver
production of bile
role of bile
breaks down carbs, proteins,and fats
role of the enzyme lipase
to further break down nutrients into smaller pieces
role of gallbladder
stores bile
role of the pancreas
produces pancreatic juice and insulin
what is the role of pancreatic juice
to help break down protein, starch, and fat
what is the role of insulin
the role of insulin is to regulate the body’s use of sugar
role of large intestine
to abosrb the remaining water left
role of rectum
storage of waste and sends signals that alert the brain that the rectum is full
role of anus
the excreation of the waste
what biological molecule does protease break down
the protease enzyme breaks down protein molecules
what biological molecule does amylase break down
the amylase enzyme breaks down starch molecules
what biological molecule does lipase break down
the lipase enzyme breaks down fat molecules
