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Chemistry > OL Basics > Flashcards

OL Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Who discovered the Electron?

A

J.J.Thomson

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2
Q

Who discovered the Proton?

A

Ernest Rutherford

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3
Q

Who discovered the Neutron?

A

James Chadwick

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4
Q

Who introduced the Planetary Model of the Atom?

A

Ernest Rutherford

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5
Q

What was the statement made by Niels Bohr regarding the atom?

A

Niels Bohr stated that the Electrons of an Atom orbit around its Nucleus in Definite Paths called Shells

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6
Q

What is Cool Water?

A

Water at less than Room Temperature

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7
Q

What is Cold Water?

A

Water at Room Temperature

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8
Q

What is Hot Water?

A

Water above Room Temperature

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9
Q

The Reactivity Series is;

A

K / Na / Ca / Mg / Al / Zn / Fe / Sn(Tin) / Pb(Lead) /[H]/ Cu / Hg / Ag(Silver) / Pt / Au(Gold)

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10
Q

How can one test a gas sample for Hydrogen?

A

A Burning Splinter placed in Hydrogen Gas burns with a “pop” sound

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11
Q

How can you test a gas sample for Oxygen?

A

A Burning Splinter placed in Oxygen will continue to Burn and a Glowing Splinter placed in Oxygen will Begin to Burn

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12
Q

What happens when CO2 is mixed with Ca(OH)2 (Lime Water) ?

A

The Lime Water turns Milky White due to the formation of CaCO3

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13
Q

Why does Ca(OH)2 (Lime Water) undergo two colour changes when supplied with Excess CO2 ?

A

First the Lime Water reacts with the CO2 to form CaCO3 turning the solution Milky White

Second the CaCO3 further reacts with the CO2 to form Ca(HCO3)2 which turns the solution from Milky White to Colourless

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14
Q

What is the Atomic Mass Unit and it’s Value?

A

The Atomic Mass Unit is 1/12 x Mass of Carbon 12-6 Isotope which equals to 1.67x10^-24 g

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15
Q

How is the Relative Atomic Mass (Ar) of an Atom calculated?

A

=Mass of the Atom / Atomic Mass Unit

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16
Q

How is the Relative Molecular Mass (Mr) calculated?

A

= Mass of the Molecule / Atomic Mass Unit

17
Q

What is the Avagadro Constant(L)?

A

The Avagadro Constant is the Number of Molecules (N) in 1mol OR 12 g of Carbon 12-6 Isotope

=6.022x10^23 mol^-1

18
Q

What is the Relationship between the; -number of moles of a substance (n)
-Mass of the substance (m)
-Molar Mass of the substance (M)

A

n=m / M ;

-n: mol
-m: g
-M: g.mol^-1

19
Q

What is the Relationship between;
-Concentration of a Substance in a LiquidSolution (c)
-number of moles of the substance (n)
-Volume of the Liquid Solution (V)

A

c =n / V ;

-c: mol.dm^-3 OR M
-n: mol
-V: dm3 OR 10^-3 m3

20
Q

What is the Relationship between;

-Number of Molecules (N)
-Number of Moles (n)
-Avagadro Constant (L)

A

N = n.L ;

-N: Unitless
-n: mol
-L: mol^-1

21
Q

What are Strong Acids?

A

Strong Acids are substances that release Hydrogen Ions (H+) in an Aqueous Medium by Full Ionisation

22
Q

What are Weak Acids?

A

Weak Acids are substances that release Hydrogen Ions(H+) in an Aqueous Medium by Partial Ionisation

23
Q

Is Hydrochloric Acid Strong or Weak?

A

HCl is a Strong Acid

24
Q

Is Sulphuric Acid Strong or Weak?

A

H2SO4 is a Strong Acid

25
Q

Is Acetic Acid Strong or Weak?

A

CH3COOH is a Weak Acid

26
Q

Is Carbonic Acid Strong or Weak?

A

H2CO3 is a Weak Acid

27
Q

Is Phosphoric Acid Strong or Weak?

A

H3PO4 is a Weak Acid

28
Q

How is NH4+ (Ammonium Ion) formed?

A

It is formed when NH3 (Ammonia) dissolves in Water.
It is also referred to as Aqueous Ammonia

29
Q

What is a Strong Base?

A

Strong Bases are substances that release Hydroxyl Ions (OH-) in an Aqueous Medium by Full Ionisation

30
Q

What is a Weak Base?

A

Weak Bases are Substances that release Hydroxyl Ions (OH-) in an Aqueous Medium by Partial Ionisation

31
Q

When does CuSO4 change colour to Blue?

A

Anhydrous Copper Sulphate turns from White to Blue in the presence of Water

32
Q

What substance produces a Bright White Flame when burning?

A

Magnesium

33
Q

What are Amphoteric Substances?

A

Amphoteric Substances are substances with both Acidic & Basic Properties

34
Q

What is Condensation?

A

The Process of a Gas turning into a Liquid

35
Q

What is the Process of a Liquid turning into a Solid called?

A

Freezing OR Solidification

36
Q

What is Melting?

A

The Process of a Solid turning into a Liquid

37
Q

What is the Process of a Liquid turning into a Gas called?

A

When induced by Heat or a Hear change it is referred to as Vaporisation

Otherwise it is known as Evaporation (Generally for Volatile Liquids)

38
Q

What is Sublimation?

A

The process of a Solid turning into a Gas

39
Q

What is the Process of a Gas turning into a Solid called?

A

Decomposition

Chemistry (2 decks)

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