OIT ABA511 Vocab - Dr Bailey

Question 1

A schedule according to which reinforcers are presented contingent on the first response emitted following an interval of a constant time period.

Answer 1

Fixed interval schedule

Question 2

A schedule according to which reinforcers are presented contingent on the first response emitted following the completion of intervals averaging a specific time period.

Answer 2

Variable interval schedule

Question 3

Any enduring change in behavior produced as a function of the interaction between the behavior and the environment.

Answer 3

Learning

Question 4

A restriction placed on an interval schedule requiring that to be eligible for reinforcement, the primed response (the first response following termination of the required interval) must occur within a specific span of time following that interval.

Answer 4

Limited hold

Question 5

A description of a phenomenon according to which organisms distribute their responses according to the proportion of payoff during choice situations.

Answer 5

Matching law

Question 6

Antecedent events that (a) change the value of the consequence, or, (b) along with the immediate discriminative stimulus (SD), may alter the relative frequency or probability of behavior.

Answer 6

Motivating operation

Question 7

A schedule of reinforcement requiring a specific number of responses be emitted for reinforcement.

Answer 7

Fixed ratio schedule

Question 8

The reinforcer is presented on a fixed-time (FT) or variable-time (VT) schedule of reinforcement, regardless of the client’s actions at the time.

Answer 8

Noncontingent reinforcement

Question 9

The strength (e.g., rate or duration) of behavior prior to any known or designed conditioning.

Answer 9

Operant level

Question 10

A reductive procedure composed of a relevant and educative form of contingent exertion.

Answer 10

Overcorrection

Question 11

Requires the individual to restore the environment to a state substantially improved from that which existed prior to the act.

Answer 11

Restitution

Question 12

Requires the individual repeatedly to practice a positive alternative behavior.

Answer 12

Positive practice

Question 13

The simplest theory that fits the facts of a problem is the one that should be evaluated before moving to a more complex explanation

Answer 13

Parsimony

Question 14

The extent to which a learner continues to perform the target behavior after a portion or all of the intervention has been removed.

Answer 14

Maintenance

Question 15

A stimulus, such as an object or event, that follows or is presented as a consequence of a response and results in the rate of that response increasing or maintaining.

Answer 15

Positive reinforcer

Question 16

An event occurring contingent on a response that decreases the future probability of the response.

Answer 16

Punishment

Question 17

A process in which a behavior is strengthened as a function of an event that occurs as a consequence of, or contingent on, the response.

Answer 17

Reinforcement

Question 18

A specific behavioral consequence, the addition of which functions, to increase or maintain the rate of a behavior

Answer 18

Reinforcer

Question 19

To repeat or duplicate an experimental procedure, usually to demonstrate its reliability by reproducing the results.

Answer 19

Replication

Question 20

The composite set of behaviors controlled by a particular reinforcing or punishing event.

Answer 20

Response class

Question 21

A reductive procedure in which a specified quantity of available reinforcers are contingently withdrawn following the response, resulting in a decrease in the rate of the response.

Answer 21

Response cost

Question 22

The recurrence of previously reinforced behavior when a target, or dominant, behavior is placed on extinction.

Answer 22

Resurgence

Question 23

The rule followed by the environment that determines which among the many occurrences of a response will be reinforced.

Answer 23

Schedule of reinforcement

Question 24

Stimuli that control behavior differentially, after having been present reliably when a response either has been reinforced, placed on extinction, or punished.

Answer 24

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

Question 25

An antecedent stimulus in the presence of which a given response is not likely to be reinforced.

Answer 25

Stimulus-Delta (s-delta)

Question 26

In respondent conditioning of reflexes, a verb used to denote the effect of an antecedent conditioned or unconditioned stimulus on a conditioned or unconditioned response.

Answer 26

Elicit

Question 27

A verb that describes the occurrence of an operant behavior.

Answer 27

Emit

Question 28

The context in which the behavior occurs.

Answer 28

Environment

Question 29

Practices, programs, or procedures scientifically demonstrated to be effective with like populations.

Answer 29

Evidence-based practices

Question 30

A theory that all forms of life naturally and continually evolve as a result of the interaction between function and the survival value of the function.

Answer 30

Selectionism

Question 31

A scientific method designed to discover the functional relation between behavior and the variables that control it.

Answer 31

Experimental analysis of behaviour

Question 32

The diminished rate (or eventual total absence) of a behavior, resulting from the discontinuation of reinforcement contingent on a particular target behavior.

Answer 32

Extinction

Question 33

A predictable, temporary increase in the rate, variability, and intensity of an array of (presumably previously reinforced) responses.

Answer 33

Extinction burst

Question 34

Includes the following elements: motivating or establishing operations, antecedent stimuli (discriminative stimuli), responses (behaviors), and consequences.

Answer 34

Four term contingency

Question 35

A lawful relation between values of two variables.

Answer 35

Functional relation

Question 36

The spread of effects to other classes of behavior, when one class of behavior is modified by reinforcement, extinction, and so on. The shift in the form or topography of a behavior.

Answer 36

Response generalization

Question 37

The occurrences of the response in the presence of antecedent stimuli sharing certain characteristics with those previously correlated with reinforcement.

Answer 37

Stimulus generalization

Question 38

Effective for a wide range of behaviors as a result of having been paired with a variety of previously established reinforcers (primary and conditioned).

Answer 38

Generalized reinforcer

Question 39

A schedule of reinforcement in which some, but not all, of the occurrences of a response are reinforced.

Answer 39

Intermittent reinforcement

Question 40

Statement that contingent access to higher-probability behavior (“preferred activities”) reinforces lower-probability behavior

Answer 40

Premack principle

Question 41

A stimulus that, when presented immediately following a response, effects a reduction in the rate of the response.

Answer 41

Punisher

Question 42

A specific or combination of physical objects or events, (stimuli), which affect the behavior of an individual.

Answer 42

Stimulus

Question 43

A group of antecedent stimuli that have a common effect on an operant class.

Answer 43

Stimulus class

Question 44

The process that enables an antecedent to gain control over one or more particular behaviors as a function of the individual’s experience of response-consequence correlation in the presence of that antecedent.

Answer 44

Stimulus control

Question 45

A philosophic position asserting that the truth value of a statement is determined by how well it promoted effective action

Answer 45

Pragmatism

Question 46

A procedure in which access to varied sources of reinforcement is removed or reduced for a particular time period contingent on an unwanted response, for the purpose or reducing the rate of the response.

Answer 46

Time out

Question 47

Behavior under the control of as rules and instructions, rather than behavior shaped by reinforcing or aversive consequences.

Answer 47

Rule governed behaviour

Question 48

A statement of the anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future measurement.

Answer 48

Prediction

Question 49

A form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events such as thoughts & feelings in terms of controlling variables in the history of the person and species.

Answer 49

Radical behaviourism

Question 50

The objective observation of the phenomena of interest.

Answer 50

Empiricism

Question 51

A schedule of reinforcement requiring a varying number of responses for reinforcement.

Answer 51

Variable ratio schedule

Question 52

An attitude that the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory should be continually questioned.

Answer 52

Philosophic doubt

Question 53

The specified dependencies or relations between behavior and its antecedents and consequences.

Answer 53

Contingencies

Question 54

Consists of reinforcing particular behavior(s) of a given class (or form, pattern or topography) while placing those same behaviors on extinction and/or punishing them when they fail to match performance standards or when they occur under inappropriate stimulus conditions.

Answer 54

Differential reinforcement

Question 55

A response that occurs only when the particular SD is present.

Answer 55

Discriminated operant

Question 56

A stimulus that precedes or accompanies a behavior and may exert discriminative control over that behavior

Answer 56

Antecedent

Question 57

It is a system designed to analyze and change behavior in a precisely measurable and accountable manner.

Answer 57

ABA

Question 58

Repeated measures of the strength or level (e.g., frequency, intensity, rate, duration, or latency) of behavior prior to the introduction of an experimental variable.

Answer 58

Baseline

Question 59

Any living organism’s directly measurable actions or physical functions, including both saying and doing.

Answer 59

Behavior