Oilseeds Flashcards

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1
Q

What is canola?

A

A type of rapeseed

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2
Q

____% of canola is genetically modified

A

90%

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3
Q

Fats are _____ at room temperature and oil are _____

A

solid, liquid

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4
Q

What are edible fats and oils a mixture of?

A

triacylgylcerols

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5
Q

What do triglycerides consist of?

A

unbranched carbon chain (2-28) with acid group at one end

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6
Q

Palmitic acid

A

C16:0 saturated

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7
Q

Stearic acid

A

C18:0 saturated

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8
Q

Oleic acid

A

C18:0 monosaturated

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9
Q

Linoleic acid

A

C18:2 polyunsaturated

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10
Q

Linolenic acid

A

C18:3 polyunsaturated (omega -3)

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11
Q

Eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA)

A

C20:5 (omega-3)

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12
Q

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

A

C22:6 (omega-3)

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13
Q

Melting point ______ as the carbon chain length _____

A

increases, increases

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14
Q

Melting point _____ as the # of double bonds _______

A

decreases, increases

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15
Q

Does unsaturation or chain length have the most effect on melting point?

A

unsaturation

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16
Q

Stability ______ as the number of double bonds ______

A

decreases, increases

17
Q

The dominant type of fatty acid in liquid oils

A

unsaturated

18
Q

The dominant type of fatty acid in solid fats

A

saturated

19
Q

Hydrogenation

A

a conventional process used to convert liquid vegetable oil into solid or semi-solid fats

20
Q

Melting points of trans isomers are ______ than those of corresponding cis isomers

A

higher

21
Q

Enzyme Interesterification

A

Process uses an enzyme to break and reform ester bonds

22
Q

Canola Pretreatment

A

Cleaning and squashing the seeds

23
Q

Canola oil expelling/extraction

A

Mechanical press to squeeze oil using friction

24
Q

Canola refining process

A

remove all contaminants and enhances flavour/colour

25
Q

Palm oil

A

derived from the fruit of the oil plam

26
Q

Palm oil use

A

Used as solid fat component in margarines and shortenings, and used in biodiesel

27
Q

Soybean

A

Worlds most important oilseed and source of vegetable oil

28
Q

What is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals as food additives?

A

Sterols

29
Q

This meal sets the standard for high-protein feed ingredients

A

soybean

30
Q

Canola

A

Canada’s oilseed that are small, round seeds

31
Q

Canola oil composition

A

High in fibre, low in protein, good balance in essential amino acids

32
Q

Sunflower

A

Oil is highly poly-unsaturated, meal is very high in fibre and limited to ruminant feed

33
Q

Where is sunflower native to?

A

Southern British Columbia

34
Q

Which first nations used sunflower seed for oil?

A

Indigenous people from North America

35
Q

How much of the world’s flax seed does Canada produce?

A

1/3

36
Q

Corn oil

A

Extracted from corn germ

37
Q

What is peanut oil primarily used for?

A

liquid frying oil