OHP flashcards
How many components are there to psychological health?
5
What are the 5 components of psychological health?
C - Competence
I - Integrated functioning
A - Autonomy
A - Affective well being
A - Aspriation
What does “competence” mean according to psychological health?
Feeling successful and effective
What does “Integrated Functioning” mean according to psychological health?
Feeling internal balance
What does “Autonomy” mean according to psychological health?
Experiencing choice and control
What does “Affective well being” mean according to psychological health?
Feeling happy and relaxed
What does “Aspiration” mean according to psychological health?
Being focused on goals
What is the definition of stress?
Non specific response of the human body to any demand on it
Good stress is called
eustress
Bad stress is called
distress
What are the three stages of General Adaption Syndrome
Alarm, Reactance, Exhaustion
Alarm stage of GAS is defined as
body mobilizes resources in response to demand
Reactance stage of GAS is defined as
Body copes with demand, but resistance to other demands decrease
Exhaustion stage of GAS is defined as
No longer able to resist and adverse consequences
definition of stressor
Aspect of work environment that may require some adaptive response on the part of the employee
2 categories of stressors
Physical and psychological
Physical stressors affect ___
senses
Psychological sensors affect
mental state
Big three examples of psychological stressors
Role ambiguity, work-life conflict, emotional labor
Role stressors
Role ambiguity
Role conflict
Role overload
Role ambiguity
Lack of clear knowledge
Role conflict
Incompatible demands
Role overload
Too many roles at one time
4 types of work life conflict
Work life
Life work
Time based
Strain based
Work life conflict
Work interferes with personal life
Life work conflict
Life interferes with work
Time based conflict
Time required by one domain steals time from another domain
Strain based conflict
Strains from one domain affects behavior in another
What is emotional labor?
The regulation of one’s emotions to meet job or organizational demands. Most common in service jobs
What are the two types of emotional regulation
Surface acting and deep acting
What is surface acting
“Faking” one’s expressions/emotions
What is deep acting
Trying to feel the emotions required by the job
Why is emotional labor stressful?
Surprising emotions over time requires effort, which is stressful
What are strains?
Reactions of responses to stressors
What are the three categories of strains
Psychological
Physicological
Behavioral
Physiological strains
Changes in the body that occur when stressful situations cause activation of the sympathetic nervous system
Example: High heart rate and increased hormone levels
Good in small doses
Bad in long durations
Example of psychological strains
Anxiety, depression, fatigue…
What are the behavioral strains
Withdrawal
Drug use
CWB’s
Job performance
Information processing problems
What is burnout
Chronic stress overcomes a worker’s resources to cope
What are the three stages of burnout?
Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, low personal accomplishment
What is strained information processing
Since we have limited cognitive resources, stressful situations that restrict those resources impair our functioning
What is strained information processing?
We have limited cognitive resources and stressful situations that restrict those resources impair our functioning
Chronic stress has detrimental effects on
Memory
Reaction times
Creativity
Judgement & decision making
Why is work stressful for some people but not for others?
Person environment fit
Person environment fit breaks down into what two categories?
Person - job fit
Personal - organization fit
Person job fit
Problem lies in demands / abilities
Person organization fit
Problem lies in value misalignments
Demands - control model
Demands = work load and cognitive requirements
Control = autonomy and skill variety
Individual differences to perceiving stressors?
Personality type
Self image
What personality traits are important to focus on when looking at how individual differences change the way we perceive stressors?
Type A or B?
Is the employee neurotic?
Does the employee have an external locus of control?
Self image - perceiving stressors
self esteem & self efficacy
Situational factors - perceiving stressors
Social support?
(do friends/family, supervisors show empathy? do they give me advice? do they give feedback and help boost my self esteem?
Control over work environment?
(flex time, compressed work week, telecommuting,
Goal of primary prevention strategies
To reduce the number and intensity of stressors in the workplace
What is the underlying assumption of primary strategies?
It is easier to remove the stressors than to deal with the effects later
Example of primary prevention strategy
Job redesign
- reduce physical stressors
- reduce psychological stressors
- provide more control over work environment
Goal of secondary prevention strategies
Modify workers responses to stressors
What is the underlying assumption of secondary strategies?
We might not always be able to remove or reduce stressors so how can we best modify individuals reactions to stressors
Example of secondary prevention strategies
CBT
- educate
- rehearse
- apply
Relaxation & biofeedback
Goal of tertiary prevention strategies
Minimize the negative effects of stressors by helping individuals cope more effectively
What is the underlying assumption of tertiary strategies?
There is a need to “treat” stress-related problems once they have occured
Example of tertiary prevention strategies
Employee assistance program (EAP)
- counseling to deal with workplace stressors / problems stemming from outside the job
