Ohio Wildflowers Flashcards
Mandrake podophyllum peltatum
Mayapple
Small colonies of this plant dot the woods, but they’re just starting to bloom- look for a single white flower hanging down beneath the leaves.
Goldenrod with axillary flowers
Solidago Caesia, blue stemmed goldenrod
Jimson weed
Tomato family Coarse erect weed with white trumpet flowers. Coarse toothed leaves.
Large flowered orchids
Moccasin flower. Large pink with fissure. Four or more localized species. Also fringed orchids. Orchids in spikes or racemes - rattlesnake plantain (dwarf, downy, checkered) Lady tresses - small white flowers in single or double spirals. Grasslike leaves.
Insectivorous, saprophytic plants
Sundew - rosette of small round leaves that are sticky with glandular hairs. Indian pipe - translucent waxy pipes, wintergreen family Wisters coral root - orchid family Giant birds nest - wintergreen family
Persian Speedwell
Cutleaf Toothwort (Cardamine concatenata / Dentaria laciniata); blooms April through June
Wild Geranium (Geranium maculatum); blooms April through June
Growing in numbers under the forest canopy.
Spring Beauty (Claytonia virginica); blooms March through May
Perhaps the classic spring flower, there’s lots of this carpeting the forest floor in certain areas. It can also be seen in park grass and on lawns. It has long thin almost grass-like leaves.
Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris); blooms April through June.
Dutchman’s Breeches (Dicentra cucullaria); blooms April through May.
Hispid Buttercup (Ranunculus hispidus); blooms March through May.
Spotted Jewelweed / Touch-Me-Not (Impatiens capensis); blooms July through September
Pale (yellow) and spotted (orange)
Edible young shoots (cook like green beans, drain water, season with butter salt and pepper) Called jewel weed bc of rain drops on leaves that are unwettable) Boil down pound of jewelweed and save in icecube trays
Trout Lily, Adders Tongue (Erythronium americanum); blooms March through May
Mottled leaves are diagnostic.
Also Canada Lily or Clintonia if not mottled.
Two species - yellow or white. White can be tinged with yellow. Lily family
Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum); blooms April through June
Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis); blooms March through May
A unique woodland flower- check out its single large leaf that embraces the stem as it grows.
Sharp-lobed Hepatica (Hepatica acutiloba) - note the basal leaves only, buttercup family. blooms March through April
Fresh leaves of Sharp-lobed Hepatica; the pointed ends of these leaves differentiate this plant from Round-lobed Hepatica.
Buttercup family 6-10 flowers, low flowers of spring. Three leaves Sharp lobed, round lobed Note similar twinleaf (almost complete divided leaf) Bloodroot (lobed flower) Rue anemone - One flower above whorl of small three lobed leaves
Virginia bluebells (Mertensia virginica); blooms April through May
Rue Anemone (Thalictrum thalictroides); blooms March through May
This delicate plant has distinctive lobed leaves.
Toadshade Trillium (Trillium sessile, Wake Robin); blooms April though June
Sessile Trillium
Uncommon but interesting!
Large-flowered trillium (Trillium grandiflorum); blooms April through June
Lily family Trillium grandiflorum, large flowered, white to pink with age.
Nodding, trillium cernuum, flower dangles below leaves, petals recurved, anthers pink.
Drooping, trillium flexipes, petals not recurved, anthers creamy white
Snow or dwarf white, flowers less than 1” and narrow leaves, earliest
Acid bogs woods - nodding and painted
Blue Phlox, Wild Sweet William (Phlox divaricata); blooms April through June
Common Blue Violet (Viola papilionacea); blooms March through June
Smooth Yellow Violet (Viola pensylvanica); blooms April through June
Wild Ginger (Asarum canadense); the flower is almost at the bottom of this photo, near the middle.
False Solomon’s Seal (Smilacina racemosa); blooms May through July.
Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum biflorum); blooms April through June.
Jacob’s Ladder | Greek Valerian (Polemonium reptans); blooms April through June.
Harbinger of Spring (Erigenia bulbosa)
Twinleaf (Jeffersonia diphylla)
Perfoliate Bellwort, Uvularia perfoliata
step pierces leaves
also see large flowered bellwort and wild oat (sessile bellwort), both of which are very similar.
Bittercress
Chickweed
Snowdrops
Perhaps the earliest regularly-blooming sizable flower is a classic that escaped from gardens a while back. It’s in certain areas if you know where to look.
Ground Ivy
This little plant can be found on lawns and wood edges. It makes an attractive ground cover.
Common Periwinkle, Myrtle
differentiate from blue phlox bc has asymmetric petals that appear like a pinwheel.
You can see this plant in landscaped yards as well as in the wild, where it escaped from ‘captivity’.
Pepperweed
This is a weed that’ll be around a while, it can be seen from street curbs to agricultural fields.
Butterweed
This brightly colored plant likes wet areas, and is easy to confuse with Ragwort. There’ll be more of this soon.
Golden Ragwort, Senecia aureus
heart-shaped basal leaves, 8-12 rays, bloom earlier than asters, finely cut leaves, flat-topped flower clusters
wet places, woods, waste areas
This plant is showing up in woods and in waste areas.
Purple Dead Nettle
This ground cover plant seems to like moisture- it shows up on lawns as well as along wood edges.
Henbit
This is a handsome little flower that likes grassy and waste areas.
Garlic Mustard
This invasive plant is just starting to bloom at the end of the month- there’s a lot more to come. I’m noticing its leaves in many places.
Wintercress
This mustard family plant is just getting started blooming.
Spring Cress
I saw a couple patches of this plant in a field.
Purple Cress
This flower rivals Spring Beauties in number in moist areas of the forest.
Lesser Celandine
This plant can cover the ground with large colonies in wet areas.
Fleabane
This aster-like plant is just getting started this month- it’ll grow in numbers soon.
Wild Hyacinth
This flower is very striking when you run across it in meadows or open woodlands.
Bastard Toadflax
This plant reminds me of a white milkweed. Uncommon.
Black Medick
Slowly growing in number, this easily overlooked tiny plant can be found on lawns.
Squirrel Corn
This can easily be mistaken for Dutchmen’s Breeches unless you look closely.
Golden Alexander
At first glance it looks like Wild Parsnip, but this plant grows in wooded areas, not in fields.
Greater Celandine
Seen here and there, not as common as Lesser Celandine was last month.
Enemion
A lovely flower with distinctive round-lobed leaves.
Sweet Cicely
A late arrival this month, this plant has notable compound leaves.
Cleavers
These plants are easier to notice by their whorls of leaves- the tiny white blooms are harder to spot.
Wood Sorrel
These pleasant little yellow flowers are just starting to bloom.
Wild Strawberry
This has also just started blooming in fields.
Dame’s Rocket, Hesperis matronalis
resembles Common blue phlox but has 4 petals instead of 5
This pleasant flower is growing in number along wood edges and in open woods.
Dotted Horsemint
Medeola virginiana or Indian Cucumber-root
Verbascum thapsus (great mullein or common mullein) is a species of mullein native to Europe, northern Africa, and Asia, and introduced in the Americas and Australia.
Chamaecrista fasciculata (Partridge Pea) is a species of legume native to most of the eastern United States
Oenothera biennis (common evening-primrose,[2] evening star, or sun drop) is a species of Oenothera native to eastern and central North America
Hypericum perforatum, known as Perforate St John’s-wort,[1] Common Saint John’s wort and St John’s wort [note 1], is a flowering plant of the genus Hypericum and a medicinal herb with antidepressant activity and potent anti-inflammatory properties
Tragopogon dubius (western salsify, western goat’s-beard, wild oysterplant, yellow salsify, yellow goat’s beard, goat’s beard, goatsbeard, common salsify, salsify) is a species of Salsify native to southern and central Europe and western Asia and found as far north and west as northern France. Although it has been reported from Kashmir and India, recent evidence suggests that specimens from these areas may be a different species. Western Salsify has been introduced into North America where it has become widespread, being reported from all the continental United States except for a few in the far south-east, and all provinces of Canada except Newfoundland and the northern territories.
Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle,[1] sow thistle,[2] smooth sow thistle, annual sow thistle, hare’s colwort, hare’s thistle, milky tassel, swinies) is native to Asia and Europe.
Muscari neglectum is a perennial bulbous plant, one of a number of species and genera known as Grape Hyacinth and in particular Common Grape Hyacinth.[1] Muscari are perennial bulbous plants native to Eurasia. They produce spikes of dense, commonly blue, urn-shaped flowers. It is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant, for example, in temperate climates as a spring bulb.
Campanula rapunculoides, known by the common names creeping bellflower or rampion bellflower, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Campanula, belonging to the family Campanulaceae.
The Great Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica) is a species within the Campanulaceae family. It is an herbaceous, perennial dicot native to eastern and central Canada and United States.
Polemonium caeruleum, known as Jacob’s-ladder[1] or Greek valerian, is a hardy perennial flowering plant. The plant produces cup-shaped, lavender-coloured or white flowers. It is native to temperate regions of Europe.
tiana andrewsii (Bottle gentian, Closed gentian, or Closed bottle gentian) is a herbaceous species of flowering plant in the Gentian family Gentianaceae.
Ageratina altissima, also known as white snakeroot,[2] richweed,[2] white sanicle,[citation needed] or tall boneset,[citation needed] is a poisonous perennial herb in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern North America.
Physostegia virginiana (obedient plant, obedience, or false dragonhead)[1] is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed from eastern Canada to northern Mexico
Aquilegia canadensis (Canadian or Canada columbine, Eastern red columbine, Wild columbine) is an herbaceous perennial native to woodland and rocky slopes in eastern North America, prized for its red and yellow flowers. It readily hybridizes with other species in the genus Aquilegia.
Wild bergamot or bee balm[1] (Monarda fistulosa) is a wildflower in the mint family (Lamiaceae) widespread and abundant as a native plant in much of North America.[2] This plant, with showy summer-blooming white flowers, is often used as a honey plant, medicinal plant, and garden ornamental.[3] The species is quite variable, and several subspecies or varieties have been recognized within it.
Lobelia cardinalis (syn. L. fulgens, cardinal flower) is a species of Lobelia native to the Americas, from southeastern Canada south through the eastern and southwestern United States, Mexico and Central America to northern Colombia.[1]
