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Pharm II Exam 2 (Connor) > OH > Flashcards

OH Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ocular side efects of ditripan/oxybutynin?

A

Anit cholinergic effects: dry eyes , blurry vision, angle closure

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2
Q

What does Ditripan / oxybutynin do?

A

Helps with decrease urinary tract muscle spasms by inhibiting parasympathetics

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3
Q

If you have a pt, and viewing the retina, and they also have kidney disease (renal retinopathy) what will be the most similar retinopathy you can see?

A

Hypertensive retinopathy = renal retinpathy

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4
Q

Band keratopathy is caused by an excess of what

A

Calcific plaques = elevated calcium levels

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5
Q

What is the medical word for SOB

A

Dyspnea

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6
Q

Most effective drug for an acute brochospasm

A

Albuterol- beta adrenergic agonist

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7
Q

Pt has asthma and you prescribe this type of inhaler for an antiinflammatory effect

A

Cromolyn (intal)- corticosteroid are vest bc stronger than antihistamine

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8
Q

Chronic inflammatory asthma will present with what type of WBC

A

Esosinophils

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9
Q

Pt has athma, what meds should be used in event of bronchospasm

A

Albuterol, BC and inflammaiton

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10
Q

A pt used flonase for allerguc rhinitis, what should you tell pt?

A

Nasal corticosteroids dont produce the same effets as oral. (Oral is worse)
Intense nose burning
Drying of nasal mucosa

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11
Q

Why do antihistamines reduce secretions?

A

They are anticholinergics that dry everything up

CNS depressants and drowsiness

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12
Q

Antihistamine blocks

A

H1 - receptors

More efective for preventing

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13
Q

What is the type of drug used to treat GERD reflux?

A

Proton pump inhibitors- reduces acid production

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14
Q

What is the name of a synthetic protaglanding analong to prevent peptic ulcer?

A

Cytotec - misoprostol
Protects mucosa
Synthetic form of prostaglandim E1

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15
Q

Pt has H pylori infection, whats another risk factor they may have

A

Central serous chorioretinopathy

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16
Q

Whats the most common complication sof having IBD

A

Dry eye

IBD treated with anti cholinergic

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17
Q

Peptobismol is an appropiate choice for a pt who

A

Is traveling out of the USA

Taken before and after travel

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18
Q

Youre pt is taking too much pepto bismol, what toxicity can occur?

A

Aspirin toxicity= cen result in liver damage

Salicylate toxicity in combination withg magnesium

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19
Q

A 55 yr old comes in with type 2 diabetes, A1C greater than 7%. What is the 1st line of defense therpat for this pt?

A

Metformin - biguanides: stop the liver form making extra sugar when its not needed

20
Q

Antidiabetic driugs are designed to control signs and symptoms of diabtes, which of the following would decrease with these medications?

A

Blood glucose levels

21
Q

Acarbose is not an appropiate treatement for which of the following?

A

Type 1 diabetics - prone to hypoglycemia

22
Q

What causes the microvasculature changes in diabetes?

A

Endothelial cell hypoplasia

23
Q

Which of the following is most helpful when evaluating blod glucose management with a diabetic pt?

A

A1C

24
Q

Pt has a diabetic alert bracelet, and is cold and clammy, what is happening to the pt?

A

Low sugar - hypoglycemia

25
Q

What are the 2 different type of fungi?

A

(Dimorphic)

  1. Mold: asergillus( common cause of fungal keratitis) and fusarium
  2. Yeast: candida- opportunistic
26
Q

What fungus is found in ohio/mississipi river valley?

A

Histoplasmosis

Histospots, MNV, peripapillary atrophy

27
Q

Do bacteria antibiotics kill fungi

A

No

28
Q

Chlamydia

A

Most common STD in the world
AIC- persistent conjuctivitis w follicles
Concurrent UTIs

29
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

Risk factors of eating raw meat, proximity to animal feces

Tx when posterior pole is involved

Inflammation secondary to t gondi ocular infection (common cause of post uveitis)

HIV and AIDS should be ruled out

Fundus infections can be due to viruses, protozoa, spirochetes, fungi, nematodes

30
Q

Pseudomomas grows well in this dye

A

Flourescein

31
Q

This dye has antiviral properties

A

Rose bengal

32
Q

This dye will detect an ocular surface wound and the name of the test is called

A

Flouresecein

Seidel test ; leak of aqueous from wound

33
Q

You perform a jones 1 test on a pt and cannot get the dye out, what would you do next?

A

Perform jones 2 bc of suspected lacrimal duct obstruction-> if no drain -total obstruction , if saline is present there is blockage near puncta

34
Q

What are some side effects of narcotics?

A

CNS effects
Constipation
Respiratory depression

Liver toxicity
Renal failure
Nausea/vomiting
Liver/kidney function

35
Q

What would cause red, itchy skin if you had just taken a narcotic?

A

Allergies due to histamine release

36
Q

When would you not want to prescribe a narcotic?

A

If pt has respiratory problems or severe head injury (loss of conciousness)

37
Q

What is the MOA of tramadol?

A

Synthetic analgesics, product appears to bind to MU opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

38
Q

What is the hallmark sign of opoid use?

A

Miosis

39
Q

T/F tylenol is an non inflammatory drug

A

T

40
Q

What occurs when you have neuropathic pain?

A

Nervous system is being damaged.
Damaged nerve cells or damage to thge spinal cord processing
System keeps signal on even when theres no more pain

41
Q

NSAIDS MOA

A

INHIBITION OF COX, the enzyme responsible for prostagalndin production

Some inhibit the migration of inflammatory cells into an area of injury

42
Q

Corticosteroid MOA

A

Selectively inhibit COx2 and phospholipases

43
Q

What to give pt with morphine OD?

A

Naloxone

44
Q

What to give pt who has nausea from tylenol #3?

A

Phenergan(promethazine)

45
Q

What should you give to pt if theyre allergic to hydrocodone?

A

Not a narcotic bc most likely allergic to others

Pharm II Exam 2 (Connor) (2 decks)

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