OH

Question 1

What are the ocular side efects of ditripan/oxybutynin?

Answer 1

Anit cholinergic effects: dry eyes , blurry vision, angle closure

Question 2

What does Ditripan / oxybutynin do?

Answer 2

Helps with decrease urinary tract muscle spasms by inhibiting parasympathetics

Question 3

If you have a pt, and viewing the retina, and they also have kidney disease (renal retinopathy) what will be the most similar retinopathy you can see?

Answer 3

Hypertensive retinopathy = renal retinpathy

Question 4

Band keratopathy is caused by an excess of what

Answer 4

Calcific plaques = elevated calcium levels

Question 5

What is the medical word for SOB

Answer 5

Dyspnea

Question 6

Most effective drug for an acute brochospasm

Answer 6

Albuterol- beta adrenergic agonist

Question 7

Pt has asthma and you prescribe this type of inhaler for an antiinflammatory effect

Answer 7

Cromolyn (intal)- corticosteroid are vest bc stronger than antihistamine

Question 8

Chronic inflammatory asthma will present with what type of WBC

Answer 8

Esosinophils

Question 9

Pt has athma, what meds should be used in event of bronchospasm

Answer 9

Albuterol, BC and inflammaiton

Question 10

A pt used flonase for allerguc rhinitis, what should you tell pt?

Answer 10

Nasal corticosteroids dont produce the same effets as oral. (Oral is worse)
Intense nose burning
Drying of nasal mucosa

Question 11

Why do antihistamines reduce secretions?

Answer 11

They are anticholinergics that dry everything up

CNS depressants and drowsiness

Question 12

Antihistamine blocks

Answer 12

H1 - receptors

More efective for preventing

Question 13

What is the type of drug used to treat GERD reflux?

Answer 13

Proton pump inhibitors- reduces acid production

Question 14

What is the name of a synthetic protaglanding analong to prevent peptic ulcer?

Answer 14

Cytotec - misoprostol
Protects mucosa
Synthetic form of prostaglandim E1

Question 15

Pt has H pylori infection, whats another risk factor they may have

Answer 15

Central serous chorioretinopathy

Question 16

Whats the most common complication sof having IBD

Answer 16

Dry eye

IBD treated with anti cholinergic

Question 17

Peptobismol is an appropiate choice for a pt who

Answer 17

Is traveling out of the USA

Taken before and after travel

Question 18

Youre pt is taking too much pepto bismol, what toxicity can occur?

Answer 18

Aspirin toxicity= cen result in liver damage

Salicylate toxicity in combination withg magnesium

Question 19

A 55 yr old comes in with type 2 diabetes, A1C greater than 7%. What is the 1st line of defense therpat for this pt?

Answer 19

Metformin - biguanides: stop the liver form making extra sugar when its not needed

Question 20

Antidiabetic driugs are designed to control signs and symptoms of diabtes, which of the following would decrease with these medications?

Answer 20

Blood glucose levels

Question 21

Acarbose is not an appropiate treatement for which of the following?

Answer 21

Type 1 diabetics - prone to hypoglycemia

Question 22

What causes the microvasculature changes in diabetes?

Answer 22

Endothelial cell hypoplasia

Question 23

Which of the following is most helpful when evaluating blod glucose management with a diabetic pt?

Answer 23

A1C

Question 24

Pt has a diabetic alert bracelet, and is cold and clammy, what is happening to the pt?

Answer 24

Low sugar - hypoglycemia

Question 25

What are the 2 different type of fungi?

Answer 25

(Dimorphic) 1. Mold: asergillus( common cause of fungal keratitis) and fusarium 2. Yeast: candida- opportunistic

Question 26

What fungus is found in ohio/mississipi river valley?

Answer 26

Histoplasmosis | Histospots, MNV, peripapillary atrophy

Question 27

Do bacteria antibiotics kill fungi

Answer 27

No

Question 28

Chlamydia

Answer 28

Most common STD in the world AIC- persistent conjuctivitis w follicles Concurrent UTIs

Question 29

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 29

Risk factors of eating raw meat, proximity to animal feces Tx when posterior pole is involved Inflammation secondary to t gondi ocular infection (common cause of post uveitis) HIV and AIDS should be ruled out Fundus infections can be due to viruses, protozoa, spirochetes, fungi, nematodes

Question 30

Pseudomomas grows well in this dye

Answer 30

Flourescein

Question 31

This dye has antiviral properties

Answer 31

Rose bengal

Question 32

This dye will detect an ocular surface wound and the name of the test is called

Answer 32

Flouresecein | Seidel test ; leak of aqueous from wound

Question 33

You perform a jones 1 test on a pt and cannot get the dye out, what would you do next?

Answer 33

Perform jones 2 bc of suspected lacrimal duct obstruction-> if no drain -total obstruction , if saline is present there is blockage near puncta

Question 34

What are some side effects of narcotics?

Answer 34

CNS effects Constipation Respiratory depression Liver toxicity Renal failure Nausea/vomiting Liver/kidney function

Question 35

What would cause red, itchy skin if you had just taken a narcotic?

Answer 35

Allergies due to histamine release

Question 36

When would you not want to prescribe a narcotic?

Answer 36

If pt has respiratory problems or severe head injury (loss of conciousness)

Question 37

What is the MOA of tramadol?

Answer 37

Synthetic analgesics, product appears to bind to MU opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

Question 38

What is the hallmark sign of opoid use?

Answer 38

Miosis

Question 39

T/F tylenol is an non inflammatory drug

Answer 39

T

Question 40

What occurs when you have neuropathic pain?

Answer 40

Nervous system is being damaged. Damaged nerve cells or damage to thge spinal cord processing System keeps signal on even when theres no more pain

Question 41

NSAIDS MOA

Answer 41

INHIBITION OF COX, the enzyme responsible for prostagalndin production Some inhibit the migration of inflammatory cells into an area of injury

Question 42

Corticosteroid MOA

Answer 42

Selectively inhibit COx2 and phospholipases

Question 43

What to give pt with morphine OD?

Answer 43

Naloxone

Question 44

What to give pt who has nausea from tylenol #3?

Answer 44

Phenergan(promethazine)

Question 45

What should you give to pt if theyre allergic to hydrocodone?

Answer 45

Not a narcotic bc most likely allergic to others