official decs for 19 and 20

Question 1

what are the foods rich in iron?

Answer 1

• Eggs
• green leafy vegetables
• organ meat - poultry
• fish
• whole grains
• soy foods etc

Question 2

Foods rich in vitamin D

Answer 2

• Eggs and fortified milk
• diary products
• yeast
• fish liver oils

Question 3

constipation is relieved by?

Answer 3

• fluid and fiber

Question 4

fruits hat enhance iron absorption?

Answer 4

orange

Question 5

what can improve wound healing?

Answer 5

portent and vitamin C

Question 6

signs of poor nutrition?

Answer 6

Poor wound healing
dry hair
weak hand grips
impaired coordination

Question 7

juice of which fruit can interfere with the metabolism of many medications

Answer 7

grapefruit

Question 8

what is the advice for a client who has difficulty swallowing and chokes frequently?

Answer 8

tuck the chin when swallowing

Question 9

what is the minimum daily excercise needed?

Answer 9

30 minutes

Question 10

what are the essential nutrients?

Answer 10

nutrients that body cannot make

Question 11

a vegetarian will have deficiency in which vitamin?

Answer 11

vitamin B12

Question 12

what is the diet for hypertension?

Answer 12

low salt

Question 13

what is the range for normal BMI?

Answer 13

18.5 - 24.9

Question 14

BMI for morbidly obese?

Answer 14

over 40

Question 15

Name of the energy producing food group?

Answer 15

carbs

Question 16

normal fluid intake is?

Answer 16

2000-3000 ml/day - 2500

Question 17

minimum urine output produced by the kidneys?

Answer 17

30 mL

Question 18

normal urine output?

Answer 18

50-60 mL

Question 19

Complication of hypokalemia?

Answer 19

Cardiac complications

Question 20

what is the normal blood level of calcium?

Answer 20

8.4 - 10.6 mg/DL

Question 21

Low blood calcium level can cause ?

Answer 21

• osteoporosis
  -muscle cramps
  -carpal spasms (Trousseau sign- fingers spasm along with wrist flexion- pic in book)
• contraction of facial muscles in response to light tap over the facial nerve (touch in front of tragus) { chvostek sign}
  etc

Question 22

increased blood levels of calcium can cause?

Answer 22

kidney stones

Question 23

what is hyponatremia?

Answer 23

too little sodium

Question 24

what is plasma?

Answer 24

liquid portion of the blood

Question 25

how does fluid leave the body?

Answer 25

through kidneys, lungs, skin and GI. tract

Question 26

factors that inhibit iron absorption-

Answer 26

calcium
antacids
coffee
fiber

Question 27

examples of. clear and full liquid diet and soft diet?

Answer 27

Clear liquid - apple juice, strained juice, fat free broth or bouillon, gelatin, tea, black coffee
Full liquid- Milk, ice cream, creamy soups- no solids, pudding etc.
Soft diet- mashed potatoes, cooked vegetables

Question 28

what is dumping syndrome and how can you prevent it?

Answer 28

• contacts of the stomach empty too quickly into small intestine.
• High protein, high fat diet, and low carb diet- given in small frequent feedings. CHEW WELL.
• Fluids are taken 30-60 minutes before or after a meal.
• avoid concentrated sweets
• have patient lie down for 30-60 min after a meal.

Question 29

what is anorexia nervosa?

Answer 29

• characterized by self imposed starvation, compulsive exercising and purging.
• fear of becoming fat
• feeling fat

Question 30

protein restricted diets are used on which conditions?

Answer 30

• chronic renal failure and cirrhosis of liver

Question 31

fluid restriction is ordered in what conditions?

Answer 31

• end stage renal disease
• congestive heart failure
• ascites

Question 32

what would you monitor in a patient receiving TPN?

Answer 32

-Blood sugar

Question 33

what is the best time to introduce solid food in an infant?

Answer 33

• 4 - 6 months