Office Based Procedures (Venipuncture/Urinalysis) Flashcards
the color of normal urine is due to a pigment called _____
urochrome
urochrome
the end-product of hemoglobin breakdown:
hemoglobin > hematin > bilirubin > urochrome > urochromogen
what does milky urine mean?
pus, bacteria, fat or chyle
what does reddish amber urine mean?
urobilinogen or porphyrin
urobilinogen
produced in the intestine by the action of bacteria on bile pigment
porphyrin
may be evidence of liver cirrhosis, jaundice, Addison’s disease and other conditions
what does brownish elbow or green urine mean?
bile pigments
what is a definite evidence of bile pigments?
yellow foam
what does red to smoky brown urine mean?
blood and blood pigments
what can the carrots do to urine color?
may cause increased yellow color due to carotene
what can beets do to urine color?
beets cause reddening
what can rhubarb do to urine color?
causes ruine to become brown
what does cloudy urine mean?
may be evidence elf phosphates, urates, pus, mucus, bacteria, epithelia cells, fat, and chyle
what is the needle length for venipuncture?
1-1.5 inches
what does rubber sleeve do?
makes it possible to draw several tubes of blood by preventing leakage of blood as tubes are changed
gauge
number that indicates the diameter of its lumen
lumen (aka. bore)
the circular hollow space inside the needle
T/F the higher the gauge the smaller the lumen
TRUE
what are the most frequently used gauges for phlebotomy?
20, 21, 22
what is the first choice vein when drawing blood?
median cubital vein
what is the second choice vein when drawing blood?
cephalic vein
what is the third choice vein when drawing blood?
basilic vein
what angle do you have to insert the needle in phlebotomy?
15 degrees
what are some trouble shooting hints for blood collection given in class?
- change the position of the needle (move it forward/backward)
- adjust the angle
- loosen the tourniquet
- re-secure the tourniquet
- try another tube
- re-anchor the vein
