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GIT Hepatobiliary > Oesophageal Disorders > Flashcards

Oesophageal Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of oesophageal cancers

A

Two main types:

  • Squamous cell carcinoma: occurs in upper and middle third. RFs- tobacco, alcohol, plummer vinison syndrome, achalasia
  • Adenocarcinoma: occurs in lower third of oesophagus. RFs: BARRETTS OESOPHAGUS, longstanding heartburn, tobacco
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2
Q

Definition of Achalasia

A

Failure of smooth muscle relaxation at lower oesophageal sphincter + progressive loss of peristalsis

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3
Q

Diagnosis of Achalasia

A

CXR: no air in stomach, dilated oesophagus, looks like birds beak/rats tail
Barium swallow- termination at narrowing of LES
Manometry: measures contractions, definitive dx

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4
Q

Scleroderma

A

Autoimmune systemic disease causing hardening of skin due to accumulation of collagen, characterised by vasculopathy and tissue fibrosis

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5
Q

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

A

Normal peristalsis, intermittent repetitive spontaneous high pressure. Dx by barium swallow- corkscrew pattern

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GIT Hepatobiliary (2 decks)

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